Department of Orthopaedics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2021 Apr 28;46(4):426-431. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.200064.
Rotator cuff injuries are the most common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction. Ideal animal shoulder models should have similar shoulder anatomy and function as human, and are able to replicate the microenvironment change after tendon injury. At present, a variety of animal models including rat, mouse, rabbit, sheep, canine, bovine, and primate have been used to study the mechanism of rotator cuff injury, effects of different repair techniques, and factors affecting tendon to bone healing. Although large animal models are more anatomically similar to humans, small animal models are more convenient in revealing the biological mechanism of rotator cuff injury and healing. Choosing appropriate animal models based on research objectives and establishing new small animal models play a critical role in revealing the mechanism of rotator cuff diseases and developing novel treating strategies.
肩袖损伤是引起肩部疼痛和功能障碍的最常见原因。理想的动物肩部模型应具有与人相似的肩部解剖结构和功能，并能复制肌腱损伤后的微环境变化。目前，已使用多种动物模型（包括大鼠、小鼠、兔、羊、犬、牛和灵长类动物）来研究肩袖损伤的机制、不同修复技术的效果以及影响肌腱与骨愈合的因素。虽然大型动物模型在解剖结构上更接近人类，但小型动物模型在揭示肩袖损伤和愈合的生物学机制方面更为便捷。根据研究目的选择合适的动物模型，并建立新的小动物模型，对于揭示肩袖疾病的发病机制和开发新的治疗策略具有重要意义。
