硒状态通过调节蛋白质周转影响生长斑马鱼骨骼肌的过度生长。

Selenium Status Affects Hypertrophic Growth of Skeletal Muscle in Growing Zebrafish by Mediating Protein Turnover.

机构信息

College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2021 Jul 1;151(7):1791-1801. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxab082.

DOI:10.1093/jn/nxab082

PMID:33982120

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Selenium (Se) status is closely related to skeletal muscle physiological status. However, its influence on skeletal muscle growth has not been well studied.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to analyze the impacts of overall Se status (deficient, adequate, and high) on skeletal muscle growth using a growing zebrafish model.

METHODS

Zebrafish (1.5-mo-old) were fed graded levels of Se (deficient: 0.10 mg Se/kg; marginally deficient: 0.22 mg Se/kg; adequate: 0.34 mg Se/kg; high: 0.44, 0.57, and 0.69 mg Se/kg) as Se-enriched yeast for 30 d. Zebrafish growth, and Se accumulation, selenoenzyme activity, selenotranscriptome profiles, and oxidative status in the whole body, and selenotranscriptome profiles, histological characteristics, biochemicals, and gene and protein expression profiles related to muscle growth in the skeletal muscle were analyzed by model fitting and/or 1-factor ANOVA.

RESULTS

Se status biomarkers within the whole body and skeletal muscle indicated that 0.34 mg Se/kg was adequate for growing zebrafish. For biomarkers related to skeletal muscle growth, compared with 0.34 mg Se/kg, 0.10 mg Se/kg decreased the white muscle cross-sectional area (WMCSA) and the mean diameter of white muscle fibers (MDWMF) by 14.4%-15.1%, inhibited protein kinase B-target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling by 63.7%-68.5%, and stimulated the autophagy-lysosome pathway by 1.07 times and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) by 96.0% (P < 0.05), whereas 0.22 mg Se/kg only decreased the WMCSA by 7.8% (P < 0.05); furthermore, 0.44 mg Se/kg had no clear effects on skeletal muscle biomarkers, whereas 0.57-0.69 mg Se/kg decreased the WMCSA and MDWMF by 6.3%-25.9% and 5.1%-21.3%, respectively, and stimulated the UPP by 2.23 times (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

A level of 0.34 mg Se/kg is adequate for the growth of zebrafish skeletal muscle, whereas ≤0.10 and ≥0.57 mg Se/kg are too low or too high, respectively, for maintaining efficient protein accretion and normal hypertrophic growth.

摘要

背景

硒（Se）的状态与骨骼肌的生理状态密切相关。然而，其对骨骼肌生长的影响尚未得到很好的研究。

目的

本研究旨在通过生长中的斑马鱼模型分析整体硒状态（缺乏、充足和过量）对骨骼肌生长的影响。

方法

用不同水平的硒（缺乏：0.10mg/kg；边缘缺乏：0.22mg/kg；充足：0.34mg/kg；过量：0.44、0.57 和 0.69mg/kg）作为富硒酵母喂养 1.5 月龄的斑马鱼 30 天。通过模型拟合和/或单因素方差分析，分析斑马鱼生长、硒积累、硒酶活性、全身硒转录组谱和氧化状态，以及骨骼肌中的硒转录组谱、组织学特征、生化指标以及与肌肉生长相关的基因和蛋白表达谱。

结果

全身和骨骼肌中的硒状态生物标志物表明，0.34mg/kg 对生长中的斑马鱼是充足的。对于与骨骼肌生长相关的生物标志物，与 0.34mg/kg 相比，0.10mg/kg 使白色肌肉横截面积（WMCSA）和白色肌肉纤维的平均直径（MDWMF）降低了 14.4%-15.1%，抑制了蛋白激酶 B-雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物 1 信号通路 63.7%-68.5%，刺激自噬溶酶体途径 1.07 倍和泛素-蛋白酶体途径（UPP）96.0%（P<0.05），而 0.22mg/kg 仅使 WMCSA 降低了 7.8%（P<0.05）；此外，0.44mg/kg 对骨骼肌生物标志物没有明显影响，而 0.57-0.69mg/kg 使 WMCSA 和 MDWMF 分别降低了 6.3%-25.9%和 5.1%-21.3%，并刺激 UPP 增加 2.23 倍（P<0.05）。