Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Neurochem Int. 2021 Jul;147:105069. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105069. Epub 2021 May 13.
Substance use disorders are complex biopsychosocial disorders that have substantial negative neurocognitive impact in various patient populations. These diseases involve the compulsive use of licit or illicit substances despite adverse medicolegal consequences and appear to be secondary to long-lasting epigenetic and transcriptional adaptations in brain reward and non-reward circuits. The accumulated evidence supports the notion that repeated drug use causes changes in post-translational histone modifications and in DNA methylation/hydroxymethylation processes in several brain regions. This review provides an overview of epigenetic changes reported in models of cocaine, methamphetamine, and opioid use disorders. The accumulated data suggest that future therapeutic interventions should focus on the development of epigenetic drugs against addictive diseases.
物质使用障碍是一种复杂的生物心理社会障碍，在各种患者群体中都有显著的神经认知负面影响。这些疾病涉及到尽管存在不利的医疗法律后果，仍强迫性地使用合法或非法物质，似乎是由于大脑奖励和非奖励回路中持久的表观遗传和转录适应性所致。积累的证据支持这样一种观点，即反复使用药物会导致几个脑区中转录后组蛋白修饰和 DNA 甲基化/羟甲基化过程的改变。这篇综述概述了可卡因、甲基苯丙胺和阿片类物质使用障碍模型中报道的表观遗传变化。累积的数据表明，未来的治疗干预措施应侧重于开发针对成瘾性疾病的表观遗传药物。
