Villalonga-Olives E, Kawachi I, Rodríguez A M
Pharmaceutical Health Services Research Department, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
SSM Popul Health. 2021 Apr 8;14:100791. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100791. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Bridging social capital is defined as the connections between individuals who are dissimilar with respect to socioeconomic status and other characteristics We previously identified an important gap in the literature related to its measurement. We developed and validated a scale to measure bridging social capital to be used in Latinx immigrant populations living in the U.S using Classical Test Theory. The structure of the questionnaire comprised the following sub-scales: Socializing in the work place (5 items); Participation in community activities (16 items); Socializing in community activities (5 items); Contact with similar/different people (7 items); Assistance (17 items); Trust of institutions, corporations and other people (14 items); and Trust of intimate people (3 items). Although basic psychometric validation was performed on our original instrument (e.g., content and construct validity, internal consistency reliability), modern testing theory recommends a more comprehensive set of evaluations, including assessment of data quality, scaling assumptions, targeting, reliability, validity and responsiveness. Rasch measurement theory (RMT) is one of the Modern Test Theory methods that assesses the extent to which rigorous measurement is achieved. In the present work, our objective was to further evaluate the instrument using CTT and to use modern psychometric techniques to further validate the questionnaire and create version 2 (v2) using a new sample (N = 224). We developed a Rasch model of the questionnaire to evaluate item fit statistics, item category thresholds, person separation index (PSI), local dependency, differential item functioning (DIF), unidimensionality and targeting and item locations. Assistance was the most problematic sub-scale of all, as item-to-total correlations ranged from 0.27 to 0.66. There were no disordered thresholds on any item, either examined as part of the overall score or as part of sub-scales. However, the analysis provided evidence of the need to modify some of the sub-scales as there was lack of support for unidimensionality or fit to the Rasch model. The Bridging Social Capital Questionnaire v2 has 61 items (compared to 67 in version 1). Our questionnaire may be suitable for adaptation to other immigrant groups in different countries.
桥梁社会资本被定义为社会经济地位及其他特征不同的个体之间的联系。我们之前发现文献中在其测量方面存在一个重要空白。我们运用经典测试理论开发并验证了一个用于测量生活在美国的拉丁裔移民群体中桥梁社会资本的量表。问卷结构包括以下子量表：职场社交（5项）；参与社区活动（16项）；社区活动中的社交（5项）；与相似/不同人群的接触（7项）；帮助（17项）；对机构、公司及其他人的信任（14项）；以及对亲密之人的信任（3项）。尽管我们对原始工具进行了基本的心理测量学验证（例如，内容和结构效度、内部一致性信度），但现代测试理论建议进行更全面的一组评估，包括数据质量评估、量表假设、目标定位、信度、效度和反应度。拉施测量理论（RMT）是现代测试理论方法之一，用于评估实现严格测量的程度。在本研究中，我们的目标是使用经典测试理论进一步评估该工具，并运用现代心理测量技术进一步验证问卷，并使用一个新样本（N = 224）创建第2版（v2）。我们开发了问卷的拉施模型，以评估项目拟合统计量、项目类别阈值、人员分离指数（PSI）、局部依赖性、项目功能差异（DIF）、单维性和目标定位以及项目位置。帮助是所有子量表中问题最大的，因为项目与总分的相关性在0.27至0.66之间。无论是作为总分的一部分还是子量表的一部分进行检查，任何项目都没有无序阈值。然而，分析表明需要修改一些子量表，因为缺乏对单维性或与拉施模型拟合的支持。桥梁社会资本问卷v2有61个项目（相比第1版的67个）。我们的问卷可能适合改编用于不同国家的其他移民群体。
