《高级临床实践考察：来自英国放射治疗高级从业者和顾问从业者的定性见解》
An examination of Advanced Clinical Practice: Qualitative insights from therapeutic radiography advanced and consultant practitioners based in England.
作者信息
Khine R N M, Stewart-Lord A
机构信息
School of Health Sciences, City, University of London, UK.
School of Health and Social Care, London South Bank University, UK.
出版信息
Tech Innov Patient Support Radiat Oncol. 2021 Mar 18;17:97-101. doi: 10.1016/j.tipsro.2020.12.003. eCollection 2021 Mar.
INTRODUCTION
Therapeutic radiographers play a vital and changing role in the delivery of radiotherapy services treating patients with cancer. Advanced Practitioners (AP) and Consultant Practitioners (CP) in radiotherapy have developed advanced clinical skills and specialisms, enhancing the ability of the profession to offer a greater depth of cancer services and ease pressure elsewhere in the system.The aim of this study was to define the opportunity and potential for Advanced Clinical Practice (ACP) roles in oncology services. Specific objectives were to explore local profiles, role development and opportunities for standardisation of ACPs in therapeutic radiography and to determine resource requirements to roll out and ensure continuation of the existing and new roles.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The research was addressed through a qualitative study design using focus groups. Convenience sampling was used to recruit therapeutic radiography advanced and consultant practitioners (N = 36) from the respective radiotherapy departments in England to participate in regional focus groups. Four regional areas were identified for inclusion. Data generated was analysed thematically.
RESULTS
The findings are presented in four themes: ownership of professional identity, desire for standardisation and guidance, drivers of role development and self-directed educational routes.
CONCLUSION
Key findings from the focus groups indicated the need for standardisation in job descriptions, roles and responsibilities and a key understanding of career progression. The professional identity of the AP is acknowledged by independent, autonomous working; however, this can only be facilitated if the correct training is undertaken and the necessary support structures are in place to enable career progression. Challenges associated with role development are 1) lack of career and pathway guidance, 2) lack of clear educational routes, 3) lack of standardised roles.
引言
放射治疗技师在为癌症患者提供放射治疗服务中发挥着至关重要且不断变化的作用。放射治疗领域的高级从业者（AP）和顾问从业者（CP）已发展出先进的临床技能和专业特长，增强了该行业提供更深入癌症服务的能力，并缓解了系统其他地方的压力。本研究的目的是确定肿瘤服务中高级临床实践（ACP）角色的机会和潜力。具体目标是探索治疗放射学中ACP的本地概况、角色发展和标准化机会，并确定推出和确保现有及新角色持续开展所需的资源。
材料与方法
本研究通过使用焦点小组的定性研究设计来进行。采用便利抽样的方法，从英格兰各放射治疗部门招募放射治疗高级和顾问从业者（N = 36）参与区域焦点小组。确定了四个区域纳入研究。对生成的数据进行了主题分析。
结果
研究结果呈现为四个主题：职业身份认同、标准化和指导的需求、角色发展的驱动因素以及自主学习途径。
结论
焦点小组的主要研究结果表明，需要在职位描述、角色和职责方面进行标准化，并对职业发展有关键的理解。AP的职业身份通过独立、自主的工作得到认可；然而，只有进行正确的培训并建立必要的支持结构以促进职业发展，这一点才能得以实现。与角色发展相关的挑战包括：1）缺乏职业和发展途径指导；2）缺乏明确的教育途径；3）缺乏标准化的角色。
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