Adamczyk Jakub Grzegorz, Safranow Krzysztof, Gajewski Antoni Kazimierz, Boguszewski Dariusz, Sozański Henryk, Sołtyszewski Ireneusz, Pepłońska Beata, Cięszczyk Paweł, Siewierski Marcin, Żekanowski Cezary
Department of Theory of Sport, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education, Marymoncka 34, 00-968 Warsaw Poland.
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
J Hum Kinet. 2021 Mar 31;78:59-66. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2020-0083. eCollection 2021 Mar.
The second-to-fourth-digit (2D:4D) ratio has been widely used as a putative marker of prenatal exposure to testosterone in health, behavioral and sport sciences, but it has only been used few times regarding combat athletes. This study involved 200 male elite combat athletes (Olympic wrestling, kickboxing, judo, taekwondo and karate) and 179 males not participating in any sports. The lengths of the index finger (2D) and ring (4D) finger were measured using computer-assisted image analysis (AutoMetric 2.2 software). The 2D:4D ratio of combat athletes was significantly lower than that of the controls. Moreover, a lower 2D:4D ratio was found among wrestlers, judo athletes and kickboxers than in the control group, and a higher 2D:4D ratio was found, but with borderline significance, among karate and taekwondo athletes. Moreover, multivariate analysis adjusted for age showed that judo, Olympic wrestling and kickboxing athletes combined had 2D:4D ratios significantly lower (by 0.035 on average) than those of the rest of the subjects and that karate and taekwondo athletes together had 2D:4D ratios significantly higher (by 0.014 on average) than those of the rest of the subjects. The research results and literature review indicate that knowledge about the functional meaning of the 2D:4D ratio is still too fragmentary and it is too early to use the 2D:4D ratio in the selection of sport talent; however, it may be a useful criteria when screening prospective athletes to be recruited to a team. That is why 2D:4D reference values should be defined for particular sports.
食指与无名指长度比值（2D:4D）在健康、行为和体育科学领域已被广泛用作产前睾酮暴露的假定标志物，但在格斗运动员中却很少被研究。本研究纳入了200名男性精英格斗运动员（包括奥运会摔跤、踢拳、柔道、跆拳道和空手道运动员）以及179名不参加任何体育运动的男性。使用计算机辅助图像分析（AutoMetric 2.2软件）测量食指（2D）和无名指（4D）的长度。格斗运动员的2D:4D比值显著低于对照组。此外，摔跤运动员、柔道运动员和踢拳运动员的2D:4D比值低于对照组，而空手道和跆拳道运动员的2D:4D比值虽较高，但仅具有临界显著性。此外，经年龄调整的多变量分析显示，柔道、奥运会摔跤和踢拳运动员的2D:4D比值显著低于其他受试者（平均低0.035），而空手道和跆拳道运动员的2D:4D比值显著高于其他受试者（平均高0.014）。研究结果和文献综述表明，关于2D:4D比值功能意义的知识仍然过于零碎，现在将2D:4D比值用于体育人才选拔还为时过早；然而，在筛选有望入选团队的运动员时，它可能是一个有用的标准。这就是为什么应该为特定运动定义2D:4D参考值的原因。
