Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Mashhad Univesity of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Alzheimers Dement. 2021 Jun;17(6):1072-1076. doi: 10.1002/alz.12340. Epub 2021 May 31.
Stroke and dementia share a number of modifiable risk factors and are the leading cause of neurological disability and death worldwide.
We report the 2019 estimations for global disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and death numbers and rates related to stroke and dementia, as well as their risk attributed DALYs and deaths and their changes between 2010 and 2019.
Stroke accounted for 69.8%, dementia for 17.3%, and combined contributed to 87.2% (8.2 million) of neurological deaths and 61.7% (168.5 million) of neurological DALYs in 2019. For stroke, 86.4% of DALYs and for dementias 32.8% of DALYs are attributable to risk factors. Globally, hypertension (54.8%) and unhealthy diet (30.0%) pose the greatest risk for stroke DALYs, and smoking (15.1%) and obesity (12.5%) for dementia DALYs.
Worldwide, stroke and dementia cases are increasing in number, but their age-standardized rates are falling. Finding out why offers the possibility of their joint delay, mitigation, or prevention.
中风和痴呆症有许多可改变的风险因素，是全球导致神经功能残疾和死亡的主要原因。
我们报告了 2019 年全球与中风和痴呆症相关的残疾调整生命年（DALYs）和死亡人数及其发病率，以及归因于这些疾病的 DALYs 和死亡人数的变化，以及 2010 年至 2019 年期间的变化。
2019 年，中风占 69.8%，痴呆占 17.3%，两者合计占神经死亡人数的 87.2%（820 万）和神经残疾调整生命年的 61.7%（16.85 亿）。就中风而言，86.4%的 DALYs 和痴呆症的 32.8%的 DALYs 归因于风险因素。在全球范围内，高血压（54.8%）和不健康饮食（30.0%）对中风的 DALYs 风险最大，而吸烟（15.1%）和肥胖（12.5%）对痴呆症的 DALYs 风险最大。
全世界中风和痴呆症的病例数量都在增加，但它们的年龄标准化发病率正在下降。找出原因可能有助于延缓、减轻或预防这两种疾病的发生。
