Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
Department of Preventive and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Medical College, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 14;18(10):5225. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105225.
This study aims to evaluate the overall asbestos exposure intensity and assess the health risk to residents due to naturally occurring asbestos (NOA) near abandoned asbestos mines in South Korea. Of 38 mines, we found 19 with measured concentrations of NOA. We evaluated the average of airborne NOA concentrations according to the environmental exposure category. When evaluated regionally by dividing into two clusters, the mean concentrations in activity-based sampling (ABS) scenarios exceeded the Korean exposure limit (0.01 f/cc) in both clusters. Moreover, airborne NOA concentrations in agricultural activity (5.49 × 10 f/cc) and daily activity (6.95 × 10 f/cc) had the highest values for clusters A and B, respectively. The excess lifetime cancer risk of one region (cluster A) by the ABS scenarios did not exceed the Korean Ministry of the Environment's criteria for soil purification (1 × 10). However, one of the ABS scenarios-the daily life activity of clusters centered on Chungcheongbuk-do (cluster B)-showed an exposure of 1.08 × 10, greater than the limit (1 × 10). This indicates non negligible health damage to residents living near the abandoned asbestos mines, and it is necessary to continuously monitor and clean up the asbestos contamination.
本研究旨在评估韩国废弃石棉矿附近自然存在的石棉（NOA）对居民的整体石棉暴露强度和健康风险。在 38 个矿中，我们发现有 19 个矿的 NOA 浓度有测量值。我们根据环境暴露类别评估了空气中 NOA 浓度的平均值。当按照两个聚类进行区域性评估时，在两个聚类中，基于活动的采样（ABS）情景中的平均浓度均超过了韩国的暴露限值（0.01 f/cc）。此外，在聚类 A 和 B 中，农业活动（5.49×10 f/cc）和日常活动（6.95×10 f/cc）的空气中 NOA 浓度分别达到最高值。ABS 情景下一个地区（聚类 A）的终生超额癌症风险未超过韩国环境部土壤净化标准（1×10）。然而，ABS 情景之一——以忠清北道为中心的日常活动（聚类 B）——的暴露值为 1.08×10，超过了限值（1×10）。这表明居住在废弃石棉矿附近的居民存在不可忽视的健康损害，有必要对石棉污染进行持续监测和清理。
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