使用带羧酸盐端基的半代 PAMAM 树状大分子(G0.5-G3.5)提高 DACHPtCl 和 5-FU 的疗效作为抗癌药物。

Use of Half-Generation PAMAM Dendrimers (G0.5-G3.5) with Carboxylate End-Groups to Improve the DACHPtCl and 5-FU Efficacy as Anticancer Drugs.

机构信息

CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Center for Nano Energy Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

出版信息

Molecules. 2021 May 14;26(10):2924. doi: 10.3390/molecules26102924.

Abstract

The DACHPtCl compound (-(R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexanedichloroplatinum(II)) is a potent anticancer drug with a broad spectrum of activity and is less toxic than oxaliplatin (-l-diaminocyclohexane oxalate platinum II), with which it shares the active metal fragment DACHPt. Nevertheless, due to poor water solubility, its use as a chemotherapeutic drug is limited. Here, DACHPtCl was conjugated, in a bidentate form, with half-generation PAMAM dendrimers (G0.5-G3.5) with carboxylate end-groups, and the resulting conjugates were evaluated against various types of cancer cell lines. In this way, we aimed at increasing the solubility and availability at the target site of DACHPt while potentially reducing the adverse side effects. DNA binding assays showed a hyperchromic effect compatible with DNA helix's disruption upon the interaction of the metallodendrimers and/or the released active metallic fragments with DNA. Furthermore, the prepared DACHPt metallodendrimers presented cytotoxicity in a wide set of cancer cell lines used (the relative potency regarding oxaliplatin was in general high) and were not hemotoxic. Importantly, their selectivity for A2780 and CACO-2 cancer cells with respect to non-cancer cells was particularly high. Subsequently, the anticancer drug 5-FU was loaded in a selected metallodendrimer (the G2.5COO(DACHPt)) to investigate a possible synergistic effect between the two drugs carried by the same dendrimer scaffold and tested for cytotoxicity in A2780cisR and CACO-2 cancer cell lines. This combination resulted in IC values much lower than the IC for 5-FU but higher than those found for the metallodendrimers without 5-FU. It seems, thus, that the metallic fragment-induced cytotoxicity dominates over the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in the set of considered cell lines.

摘要

DACHPtCl 化合物(-(R,R)-1,2-二氨基环己二氯铂(II)) 是一种具有广谱活性的有效抗癌药物,其毒性低于奥沙利铂(-l-二氨基环己烷草酸铂 II),两者具有相同的活性金属片段 DACHPt。然而,由于其水溶性差,其作为化疗药物的应用受到限制。在这里,DACHPtCl 以双齿形式与具有羧酸盐端基的半代 PAMAM 树枝状大分子(G0.5-G3.5)连接,所得缀合物针对各种类型的癌细胞系进行了评估。通过这种方式,我们旨在增加 DACHPt 在靶部位的溶解度和可用性,同时可能降低不良反应。DNA 结合实验表明,金属树枝状大分子与 DNA 相互作用时,会产生与 DNA 螺旋破坏一致的增色效应,以及释放的活性金属片段。此外,所制备的 DACHPt 金属树枝状大分子在广泛使用的癌细胞系中表现出细胞毒性(相对于奥沙利铂的相对效力通常较高),并且没有血液毒性。重要的是,它们对 A2780 和 CACO-2 癌细胞相对于非癌细胞的选择性特别高。随后,将抗癌药物 5-FU 装载在选定的金属树枝状大分子(G2.5COO(DACHPt)) 中,以研究两种药物通过同一树枝状大分子支架携带时是否存在协同作用,并在 A2780cisR 和 CACO-2 癌细胞系中测试其细胞毒性。这种组合的 IC 值远低于 5-FU 的 IC 值,但高于不含 5-FU 的金属树枝状大分子的 IC 值。因此,在考虑的细胞系中,似乎是金属片段诱导的细胞毒性超过了 5-FU 的细胞毒性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e391/8156256/252ac1ff9f4a/molecules-26-02924-g001.jpg

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