Hu Xue, Liu Hongyi, Xu Chengyu, Huang Xiaomin, Jiang Min, Zhuang Hengyang, Huang Lifen
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 May 26;18(11):5714. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115714.
Few studies have focused on the combined application of digestate and straw and its feasibility in rice production. Therefore, we conducted a two-year field experiment, including six treatments: without nutrients and straw (Control), digestate (D), digestate + fertilizer (DF), digestate + straw (DS), digestate + fertilizer + straw (DFS) and conventional fertilizer + straw (CS), to clarify the responses of rice growth and paddy soil nutrients to different straw and fertilizer combinations. Our results showed that digestate and straw combined application (i.e., treatment DFS) increased rice yield by 2.71 t ha compared with the Control, and digestate combined with straw addition could distribute more nitrogen (N) to rice grains. Our results also showed that the straw decomposition rate at 0 cm depth under DS was 5% to 102% higher than that under CS. Activities of catalase, urease, sucrase and phosphatase at maturity under DS were all higher than that under both Control and CS. In addition, soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) under DS and DFS were 2026% and 1112% higher than that under B and DF respectively, suggesting straw addition could benefit paddy soil quality. Moreover, coupling straw and digestate would contribute to decrease the N content in soil surface water. Overall, our results demonstrated that digestate and straw combined application could maintain rice production and have potential positive paddy environmental effects.
很少有研究关注沼渣与秸秆的联合应用及其在水稻生产中的可行性。因此，我们进行了为期两年的田间试验，包括六个处理：不施养分和秸秆（对照）、沼渣（D）、沼渣+化肥（DF）、沼渣+秸秆（DS）、沼渣+化肥+秸秆（DFS）和常规化肥+秸秆（CS），以阐明水稻生长和稻田土壤养分对不同秸秆和肥料组合的响应。我们的结果表明，与对照相比，沼渣和秸秆联合施用（即处理DFS）使水稻产量提高了2.71吨/公顷，并且沼渣与秸秆添加相结合可以将更多的氮分配到水稻籽粒中。我们的结果还表明，DS处理下0厘米深度处的秸秆分解率比CS处理下高5%至102%。DS处理下成熟期的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性均高于对照和CS处理。此外，DS和DFS处理下的土壤有机质（SOM）和全氮（TN）分别比B和DF处理下高20%至26%和11%至12%，表明添加秸秆有利于稻田土壤质量。此外，秸秆与沼渣耦合有助于降低土壤表层水中的氮含量。总体而言，我们的结果表明，沼渣和秸秆联合施用可以维持水稻产量，并对稻田环境产生潜在的积极影响。
