Department of Urology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCSS, Rome, Italy.
Department of Radiology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" - IRCSS, Rome, Italy.
Urologia. 2021 Nov;88(4):280-286. doi: 10.1177/03915603211019982. Epub 2021 Jun 2.
Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in man. Since the first MRI was performed, enormous progress has been made in diagnosis, treatment, and follow up of PCa, mainly due to multiparametric prostatic MRI (mpMRI). Although mpMRI has become the best imaging tool for identifying PCa, some limitations still exist. Prostate imaging with mpMRI is, to date, the best way to locate suspicious lesions to trigger prostate biopsy, plan active surveillance, or definitive treatment. In case of relapse, mpMRI can help detect local disease and provide specific management. It is well known that there is a subset of patients in whom mpMRI fails to depict csPCa. These missed significant cancers demand great attention. Prostate mpMRI quality depends on several factors related to equipment (including equipment vendor, magnet field and gradient strength, coil set used, software and hardware levels, sequence parameter choices), patient (medications, body habitus, motion, metal implants, rectal gas), and most importantly the radiologic interpretation of images (learning curve effects, subjectivity of observations, interobserver variations, and reporting styles). Inter-reader variability represents a huge current limitation of this method. Therefore, mpMRI remains the best imaging tool available to detect PCa, guiding diagnosis, treatment, and follow up while inter-reader variability represents the best limitation. Radiomics can help identifying imaging biomarkers to help radiologist in detecting significant PCa, reducing examination times, and costs.
前列腺癌是男性中第二大常见的癌症。自从进行了第一次磁共振成像(MRI)检查以来,前列腺癌的诊断、治疗和随访方面取得了巨大进展,主要得益于多参数前列腺 MRI(mpMRI)。尽管 mpMRI 已成为识别前列腺癌的最佳影像学工具,但仍存在一些局限性。迄今为止,mpMRI 对前列腺成像可用于定位可疑病变以触发前列腺活检、计划主动监测或确定性治疗。在复发的情况下,mpMRI 有助于检测局部疾病并提供具体的管理方案。众所周知,mpMRI 无法描绘出 csPCa 的患者存在亚组。这些遗漏的显著癌症需要引起高度关注。前列腺 mpMRI 的质量取决于与设备相关的几个因素(包括设备供应商、磁场和梯度强度、使用的线圈套件、软件和硬件水平、序列参数选择)、患者(药物、体型、运动、金属植入物、直肠气体),以及最重要的是图像的放射学解释(学习曲线效应、观察的主观性、观察者间差异和报告风格)。读者间的可变性是该方法目前最大的局限性。因此,mpMRI 仍然是检测前列腺癌的最佳影像学工具,可指导诊断、治疗和随访,而读者间的可变性是最佳的限制因素。放射组学可帮助识别影像学生物标志物,帮助放射科医生检测出显著的前列腺癌,减少检查时间和成本。