Bejarano Rengifo Janeth, Cañadas Garrido Raúl
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Bogotá, Colombia.
Unidad de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia digestiva, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio. Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Gastroenterol Peru. 2020 Oct-Dec;40(4):336-341.
Sexually transmitted infectious proctitis is an inflammatory process of the rectum secondary to infection by sexually transmitted germs. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) are the most frequently pathogens. Infectious proctitis is more prevalent in men who have sex with men (MSM) and in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, however, it is also diagnosed in heterosexuals by changes in sexual behavior. Fecal urgency, purulent or bloody exudate, proctalgia, and tenesmus are the most common clinical manifestations. Detailed clinical history and a high index of suspicion are important to establish the diagnosis of this pathology; supported by endoscopic, histological, serological, and microbiological studies. Empirical treatment with antibiotics or antivirals is recommended, depending on clinical suspicion, and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) should always be ruled out.
性传播感染性直肠炎是由性传播病原体感染继发的直肠炎症过程。淋病奈瑟菌、沙眼衣原体、梅毒螺旋体和单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）是最常见的病原体。感染性直肠炎在男男性行为者（MSM）和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者中更为普遍，然而，通过性行为改变，在异性恋者中也可诊断出该病。里急后重、脓性或血性渗出物、直肠疼痛和里急后重是最常见的临床表现。详细的临床病史和高度的怀疑指数对于确立这种病理诊断很重要；内镜、组织学、血清学和微生物学研究可提供支持。根据临床怀疑，建议使用抗生素或抗病毒药物进行经验性治疗，并且应始终排除其他性传播感染（STI）。
