Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., Bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Sep;203(7):4385-4396. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02423-2. Epub 2021 Jun 12.
A mesocosm experiment was conducted to assess the side effects of the fungicide Quadris on soil bacterial functioning. Quadris was applied to a loamy sand soil at increasing concentrations (0.0-35.0 mg kg dry soil) calculated according to its active ingredient azoxystrobin (Az). Soil sampling was carried out from the 1st to the 120th day of soil incubation to determine the changes occurred in bacterial catabolism using the technique of community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) via Biolog EcoPlates™. It was found that the field recommended fungicide concentration (2.90 mg kg dry soil) altered mostly the low-available Biolog carbon sources (< 0.50 optical density (OD)), whereas the fungicide higher concentrations (14.65 and 35.00 mg kg dry soil) were effective also on medium (0.50-1.00 OD) and highly (> 1.00 OD) utilizable ones. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the main environmental factors correlated with the utilization rates of Biolog carbon sources (CSs) were soil nutrients and pH. No linear relationships were found between Az soil residues and the use of CSs. We concluded that Quadris affects bacterial catabolic profiles in loamy sand soils through soil acidification and altering soil nutrient pool. The study also revealed that CLPP and EcoPlate™ are useful practical tools for testing the fungicide ecotoxicity.
采用中尺度实验研究了杀菌剂四氯苯酞对土壤细菌功能的副作用。四氯苯酞(Quadris)按其有效成分唑菌酯(Az)计算,以不同浓度(0.0-35.0 mg kg 干土)施用于壤土砂土地。在土壤培养的第 1 天到第 120 天进行土壤采样,使用 Biolog EcoPlates™ 通过群落水平生理图谱(CLPP)技术来确定细菌分解代谢的变化。结果表明,田间推荐的杀菌剂浓度(2.90 mg kg 干土)主要改变低生物有效性 Biolog 碳源(<0.50 光密度(OD)),而较高的杀菌剂浓度(14.65 和 35.00 mg kg 干土)对中等(0.50-1.00 OD)和高(>1.00 OD)可利用碳源也有效。Pearson 相关分析表明,与 Biolog 碳源(CS)利用率相关的主要环境因素是土壤养分和 pH 值。Az 土壤残留与 CS 使用之间未发现线性关系。我们得出结论,四氯苯酞通过土壤酸化和改变土壤养分库来影响壤土砂土地的细菌分解代谢谱。该研究还表明,CLPP 和 EcoPlate™ 是测试杀菌剂生态毒性的有用实用工具。