Istituto Superiore di Sanità - National Institute of Health, Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
IDmer, 2 rue batelière, 56100 Lorient, France.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2021 Aug;154:112331. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112331. Epub 2021 Jun 10.
Blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), pouting (Trisopterus luscus) and common dab (Limanda limanda) are underutilized fish species attractive in terms of sustainability. However, there is limited information about their nutritional characteristics as well as potential presence of environmental contaminants. Specimens caught in European waters were characterised for their content of essential and toxic elements. The three species, along with common carp and blue mussels, relevant for sustainable production too, were employed as raw materials for the development of semi-industrial ready-to-eat products. Calcium, copper, iodine, iron, selenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, mercury, and nickel were determined by ICP-MS, whereas methylmercury was determined by HPLC-ICP-MS. These two techniques were also used to determine arsenic and inorganic arsenic, respectively, in blue mussel and derived products. Differences in element contents were related to the biology and ecology of the examined species. Intake of nutrients and exposure to contaminants were assessed in relation to the relevant DRVs and HBGVs, respectively. All the species were found to be valuable dietary sources of selenium. Pouting was rich in iodine and mussels were good sources of iodine and iron. These two species had comparatively higher levels of mercury and lead, respectively. However, the levels of contaminants were generally of no concern in both raw materials and products. Iodine bioaccessibility was studied in blue whiting, a species with an intermediate iodine content, and found to be 98%. Selenium:mercury molar ratios were assessed and found to be favourable. The semi-industrial products were found to be good sources of selenium and many of them provided appreciable amounts of calcium, iron, copper and zinc.
青鳕（Micromesistius poutassou）、拟庸鲽（Trisopterus luscus）和欧牙鲆（Limanda limanda）是未充分利用的鱼类品种，从可持续性角度来看具有吸引力。然而，关于它们的营养特性以及潜在的环境污染物存在情况的信息有限。本研究对在欧洲水域捕获的这些鱼类的必需元素和有毒元素含量进行了描述。这三种鱼类，以及同样具有可持续生产潜力的鲤鱼和贻贝，被用作开发半工业即食产品的原料。采用 ICP-MS 法测定了钙、铜、碘、铁、硒、锌、镉、铅、汞和镍的含量，采用 HPLC-ICP-MS 法测定了甲基汞的含量。这两种技术也分别用于测定贻贝及其衍生产品中的砷和无机砷。元素含量的差异与所研究物种的生物学和生态学有关。营养素的摄入量和污染物的暴露量分别与相关的 DRVs 和 HBGV 相关联。研究发现，所有这些物种都是硒的有价值的膳食来源。拟庸鲽富含碘，贻贝是碘和铁的良好来源。这两种鱼的汞和铅含量相对较高。然而，在原材料和产品中，污染物的含量通常没有问题。研究了碘含量处于中等水平的青鳕中的碘生物可给性，发现其为 98%。评估了硒:汞摩尔比，发现该比值有利。研究发现，这些半工业产品是硒的良好来源，其中许多产品还提供了相当数量的钙、铁、铜和锌。
