Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy with hypoglossal nerve involvement and inverted Beevor's sign: case report.

BACKGROUND

Cranial nerve involvement is not commonly encountered in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP); this is especially true for involvement of the hypoglossal nerve. Neither Beevor's sign nor its inverted form has previously been described in CIDP.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 28-year-old man presented with distal-predominant limb weakness and numbness at the age of 18. A diagnosis of CIDP was made, which was confirmed by electrodiagnostic evidence of demyelination. He responded well to intravenous immunoglobulin and glucocorticoid treatment and achieved remission for 5 years. However, the same symptoms relapsed at the age of 28 and lasted for 10 months. On examination, in addition to limb sensory impairment and muscle weakness, mild bilateral facial paresis, tongue atrophy and fasciculations, and inverted Beevor's sign were also observed. A brief literature review of cranial nerve involvements in CIDP and Beevor's sign or its inverted form were also performed.

CONCLUSIONS

Cranial nerves may be affected in patients with CIDP. Facial palsy is most frequently present, while hypoglossal nerve involvement is rare. Inverted Beevor's sign can appear in CIDP patients.