Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China; Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Oct 1;293:64-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.017. Epub 2021 Jun 18.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and depression co-occur frequently; however, their relationship remains controversial. This study was conducted primarily to discern heterogeneous patterns of such co-occurring symptoms in Chinese female university students, using a latent profile analysis (LPA), a person-centered statistical approach.
The PMS Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were used to examine self-reported PMS and depression symptoms in 701 Chinese female university students. LPA, multinomial logistical regression, and analyses of variance were adopted to investigate latent profiles and their validity.
The LPA results indicated that a four-class solution characterized by low symptoms (57.2%), predominantly PMS (11.3%), predominantly depression (23.7%), and combined PMS-depression (7.8%) patterns fitted the data best. Age, first menstrual experience, and personality factors were associated with differences in nonparallel profiles characteristic of menstrual attitude.
Use of self-report measures can lead to response biases; the cross-sectional design at a single time point limits the examination of changes in symptom characteristics and members within the category over time; and the specific age group limits the generalizability of results.
These results confirm that PMS is independent from depression, rather than a variant of depression, and can be used to resolve the controversy regarding the relationship between PMS and depression. The current findings highlight the need for identifying women at high risk for PMS and depression, and promoting interventions individually tailored to their symptom presentations.
经前期综合征（PMS）和抑郁症经常同时发生；然而，它们之间的关系仍然存在争议。本研究主要通过潜在剖面分析（LPA），一种以人为中心的统计方法，来辨别中国女大学生中这些共病症状的异质模式。
采用经前期综合征量表和贝克抑郁量表，对 701 名中国女大学生的自我报告 PMS 和抑郁症状进行了调查。采用潜在剖面分析、多项逻辑回归和方差分析来研究潜在的特征和其有效性。
LPA 结果表明，低症状（57.2%）、主要为 PMS（11.3%）、主要为抑郁（23.7%）和 PMS-抑郁合并（7.8%）的四分类方案最适合数据。年龄、初潮经历和人格因素与月经态度的非平行特征差异相关。
使用自我报告的测量方法可能会导致反应偏差；在单一时间点进行的横断面设计限制了对症状特征和类别内成员随时间变化的检查；特定的年龄组限制了结果的普遍性。
这些结果证实 PMS 与抑郁症是独立的，而不是抑郁症的一种变体，可以用来解决 PMS 和抑郁症之间关系的争议。目前的研究结果强调了需要识别有 PMS 和抑郁症高风险的女性，并针对她们的症状表现进行个性化的干预。
