Zhao Yande, Wang Weili, Guo Ruiliang, Wang Weibin, Zhu Yunlong, Wang Ruijing, Li Xinhai, Zhan Yunxiang
Bailie School of Petroleum Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China.
ACS Omega. 2021 Jun 10;6(24):15716-15726. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00965. eCollection 2021 Jun 22.
Compared to conventional reservoirs, only a few studies were carried out on the heterogeneity of unconventional tight sandstone reservoirs. This paper focuses on the Upper Paleozoic tight gas sandstone reservoir in the southeast of the Ordos Basin. The reservoir heterogeneity is studied through thin section and scanning electron microscope observations, cathode luminescence, mercury intrusion, and logging data analysis. The results show that the dissolution pore and microfracture is the dominant pathway for the migration of natural gas. The distribution of gas and water within the sand body is affected by the rhythmic change of sandstone, and this rhythmicity is variable with the changing of particle size. It shows "water wrapping gas" for the positive rhythm, "gas wrapping water" for the reverse rhythm, and both of these features for the compound rhythm. Interlayers act as a cap rock or carrier bed on gas distribution. Along with the variation of breakthrough pressure of the interlayer and saturation pressure of the reservoir, the single sand body shows different distribution features of gas and water. The vertical differentiation of natural gas is caused by the barrier layer, and the more barrier layers exist, the worse the capacity of the reservoir to store natural gas. However, the existence of the barrier layer will make the reservoir close to the source area to be the favorable zone for oil and gas accumulation. In this study, the relationship between heterogeneity and gas as well as water distribution of tight sandstone is identified, which can provide guidance to the exploration and exploitation of tight gas in the future.
与常规储层相比,针对非常规致密砂岩储层非均质性的研究较少。本文聚焦于鄂尔多斯盆地东南部上古生界致密气砂岩储层。通过薄片和扫描电子显微镜观察、阴极发光、压汞以及测井数据分析等方法对储层非均质性展开研究。结果表明,溶蚀孔隙和微裂缝是天然气运移的主要通道。砂体内气水分布受砂岩韵律变化影响,且这种韵律性随粒度变化而变化。正韵律表现为“水包气”,反韵律表现为“气包水”,复合韵律则兼具二者特征。夹层对气体分布起到盖层或运移层的作用。随着夹层突破压力和储层饱和压力的变化,单砂体呈现出不同的气水分布特征。天然气的垂向分异由隔层导致,隔层越多,储层储存天然气的能力越差。然而,隔层的存在会使靠近源区的储层成为油气聚集的有利区。本研究明确了致密砂岩非均质性与气水分布之间的关系,可为未来致密气的勘探开发提供指导。