College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
Plant Cell Physiol. 2021 Nov 17;62(9):1409-1422. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcab091.
Previous studies had demonstrated that in Arabidopsis, IDM3 is involved in ROS1-mediated DNA demethylation pathway, and SUVH-SDJ complex functions as a DNA methylation reader complex for enhancing gene transcription, which presumably recruits ROS1 to the promoters of target genes for DNA demethylation. Here, our analyses, however, showed that the IDM3 and SDJ1/2/3, the components of the SUVH-SDJ complex, are implicated in establishing and/or maintaining DNA methylation as well through DDR (DRD1-DMS3-RDM1) complex. idm3-3 or sdj1/2/3 mutations led to genome-wide DNA hypomethylation, and both mutants shared a large number of common hypo-DMRs (Differentially Methylated Regions) with rdm1-4 and dms3-4, suggesting that IDM3 and SDJ1/2/3 help establish and/or maintain DNA methylation, mediated by RdDM pathway, at a subset of genomic regions largely through DDR complex. IDM3 is able to strongly interact with RDM1 and DMS3, but weakly with SDJ1 and SDJ3; SDJ1 and SDJ3 is capable of interacting separately with RDM1 and DMS3. Furthermore, comparisons of DNA methylation features in idm3-3 and sdj1/2/3 indicated that idm3-3 and sdj1/2/3 mutations make differential impacts on DNA methylation levels and patterns on a genome-wide scale, indicating that they are targeted to quite distinct genomic regions for aiding in DNA methylation. Further analyses on ChIP-seq data demonstrated that RDM1, DMS3 and NRPE1 are enriched in IDM3- and SDJ1/2/3-targted regions. Altogether, our results provide clear demonstration that IDM3 and SDJ1/2/3 play a part in establishing and/or maintaining DNA methylation of a group of genomic regions, through the DDR complex.
先前的研究表明,在拟南芥中,IDM3 参与了 ROS1 介导的 DNA 去甲基化途径,SUVH-SDJ 复合物作为一种 DNA 甲基化读取复合物,增强基因转录,推测其将 ROS1 招募到靶基因的启动子,进行 DNA 去甲基化。然而,在这里,我们的分析表明,IDM3 和 SUVH-SDJ 复合物的组成部分 SDJ1/2/3,通过 DDR(DRD1-DMS3-RDM1)复合物,参与建立和/或维持 DNA 甲基化。idm3-3 或 sdj1/2/3 突变导致全基因组 DNA 低甲基化,并且这两个突变体与 rdm1-4 和 dms3-4 共享大量共同的低 DMR(差异甲基化区域),表明 IDM3 和 SDJ1/2/3 通过 RdDM 途径,在很大程度上通过 DDR 复合物,帮助建立和/或维持基因组中一组特定区域的 DNA 甲基化。IDM3 能够与 RDM1 和 DMS3 强烈相互作用,但与 SDJ1 和 SDJ3 弱相互作用;SDJ1 和 SDJ3 能够分别与 RDM1 和 DMS3 相互作用。此外,idm3-3 和 sdj1/2/3 中的 DNA 甲基化特征比较表明,idm3-3 和 sdj1/2/3 突变对全基因组范围内的 DNA 甲基化水平和模式产生了不同的影响,表明它们针对相当不同的基因组区域,以帮助 DNA 甲基化。进一步对 ChIP-seq 数据的分析表明,RDM1、DMS3 和 NRPE1 在 IDM3 和 SDJ1/2/3 靶向区域富集。总的来说,我们的研究结果清楚地表明,IDM3 和 SDJ1/2/3 通过 DDR 复合物,在一组基因组区域的建立和/或维持 DNA 甲基化中发挥作用。