Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, India.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, India.
Microb Drug Resist. 2021 Dec;27(12):1664-1671. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0365. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
A total of 648 diarrheagenic (DEC) were isolated from calves ( = 219), lambs ( = 87), kids ( = 103), human ( = 193), and water ( = 46) samples. The presence of enteropathogenic (EPEC), enterotoxigenic (ETEC), and shigatoxigenic (STEC) was confirmed by PCR-based detection of the Shiga toxin, intimin, hemolysin, and enterotoxin genes. All the isolates were tested for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by disc diffusion assay. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), carbapenemase, and metallo-beta-lactamase production were determined by double-disk synergy test, modified Hodge test, and combined disk test assays. AMR genes (, , , , , , , and ) were detected by PCR using specific primers. Majority of the isolates from human and water exhibited resistance (>80%) against amoxicillin, ampicillin, aztreonam, cefotaxime, cefixime, gentamicin, ceftazidime, and cefalexin, and against imipenem (70.98%), doripenem (70.47%), and ertapenem (60.62%). Bovine isolates were sensitive to carbapenems. Many isolates (5.75-24.35%) from human, water, calves, kids, and lambs were multidrug resistant (MDR), with resistance against three or more classes of antimicrobials. A total of 170/648 (26.23%) isolates were classified as STEC (9.88%), EPEC (4.32%), and ETEC (12.04%). The AMR genes, including , , , and were detected in the from all sources. but and were detected only in the isolates from human and water. Three STEC isolates from human origin possessed multiple ESBLs, carbapenemase and metallo-beta-lactamase genes reported for the first time. ESBLs producing EPEC and ETEC in lambs and kids are also reported under this study. Presence of MDR-DEC in domestic animals and common potable water poses public health concern in this region.
从犊牛( = 219)、羔羊( = 87)、幼畜( = 103)、人类( = 193)和水( = 46)样本中共分离出 648 株腹泻性大肠埃希菌(DEC)。通过 PCR 检测志贺毒素、侵袭素、溶血素和肠毒素基因,证实了肠致病性大肠埃希菌(EPEC)、肠毒素性大肠埃希菌(ETEC)和志贺毒素性大肠埃希菌(STEC)的存在。所有分离株均通过纸片扩散法进行了抗菌药物耐药性(AMR)检测。通过双碟协同试验、改良 Hodge 试验和联合药敏试验确定了产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)、碳青霉烯酶和金属β-内酰胺酶的情况。通过使用特定引物的 PCR 检测了 AMR 基因(、、、、、、和)。来自人和水的大多数分离株对阿莫西林、氨苄西林、氨曲南、头孢噻肟、头孢克肟、庆大霉素、头孢他啶和头孢氨苄的耐药率>80%,对亚胺培南(70.98%)、多尼培南(70.47%)和厄他培南(60.62%)的耐药率也较高。牛源分离株对碳青霉烯类药物敏感。来自人和水、犊牛、幼畜和羔羊的许多分离株(5.75-24.35%)为多重耐药(MDR),对三种或三种以上类别的抗菌药物具有耐药性。共有 170/648(26.23%)株被分类为 STEC(9.88%)、EPEC(4.32%)和 ETEC(12.04%)。来自所有来源的分离株均检测到 AMR 基因,包括、、和。但 和 仅在来自人和水的分离株中检出。来自人类的 3 株 STEC 分离株携带了多种 ESBLs、碳青霉烯酶和金属β-内酰胺酶基因,这是首次报道。在羔羊和幼畜中也检测到产 ESBL 的 EPEC 和 ETEC。在本地区,食源性动物和常见饮用水中存在多重耐药 DEC 菌株,引起了公共卫生关注。