Faculty of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo 17033-360, Brazil.
Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-689, Brazil.
Cells. 2021 Jun 17;10(6):1527. doi: 10.3390/cells10061527.
B or supernumerary chromosomes are dispensable elements that are widely present in numerous eukaryotes. Due to their non-recombining nature, there is an evident tendency for repetitive DNA accumulation in these elements. Thus, satellite DNA plays an important role in the evolution and diversification of B chromosomes and can provide clues regarding their origin. The characiform was one of the first discovered fish species bearing B chromosomes, with all populations analyzed so far showing one to nine micro-B chromosomes and exhibiting at least three morphological variants (Ba, Bsm, and Bm). To date, a single satellite DNA is known to be located on the B chromosomes of this species, but no information regarding the differentiation of the proposed B-types is available. Here, we characterized the satellitome of and mapped 35 satellite DNAs against the chromosomes of , of which six were equally located on all B-types and this indicates a similar genomic content. In addition, we describe, for the first time, an entire population without B chromosomes.
B 染色体或额外染色体是广泛存在于众多真核生物中的非必需元件。由于它们不发生重组的性质，这些元件中重复 DNA 的积累有明显的趋势。因此，卫星 DNA 在 B 染色体的进化和多样化中起着重要作用，并能为其起源提供线索。 是最早发现的携带 B 染色体的鱼类之一，迄今为止分析的所有种群都显示出一到九个微 B 染色体，并表现出至少三种形态变体（Ba、Bsm 和 Bm）。到目前为止，已知该物种的 B 染色体上存在一个单一的卫星 DNA，但关于所提出的 B 型的分化尚无信息。在这里，我们对 进行了卫星 DNA 组特征分析，并将 35 个卫星 DNA 映射到 的染色体上，其中 6 个在所有 B 型上的位置相同，这表明它们具有相似的基因组内容。此外，我们首次描述了一个没有 B 染色体的整个种群。
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