Biomechanics Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, Department of Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Oct;128(5):2033-2051. doi: 10.1177/00315125211029009. Epub 2021 Jul 1.
This study aimed to test the reliability, sensitivity, construct and logical validity of an adapted Special Judo Fitness Test (SJFT) for judo athletes with visual impairment . Twenty judo athletes with visual impairments performed both the adapted SJFT with tactile and sonorous stimuli (experimental conditions) and the typically administered SJFT (standard condition). We used analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with repeated-measures to compare the groups' SJFT performances, and one-way ANOVAs to compare different visual ability classes of athletes (B1, B2 and B3). We used t-tests to compare SJFT variables between elite and sub-elite groups. We set statistical significance for all tests at < 0.05. The standard SJFT showed excellent test-retest reliability for number of throws and overall index (ICC = 0.91-0.95), and both sonorous and tactile sensitivity adaptations of the SJFT showed medium sensitivity for detecting performance changes. The number of throws and SJFT index were higher with the sonorous adaptation of the test, compared to the tactile and standard versions ( < 0.001). Athletes who were blind (B1) presented similar performances to athletes who were partially sighted (B2 and B3) only on the SJFT with the sonorous stimulus. Moreover, only the sonorous SJFT adaptation discriminated between the performances of elite and sub-elite athletes ( < 0.001). In conclusion, both SJFT adaptations showed excellent reliability and medium sensitivity on test-retest, but, only the SJFT with the sonorous stimulus seemed valid for assessing judo athletes with varying degrees of visual impairment, and only the sonorous stimulus SJFT discriminated elite from sub-elite athletes.
本研究旨在测试改编后的特殊柔道健身测试（SJFT）对视力障碍柔道运动员的可靠性、敏感性、结构和逻辑有效性。二十名视力障碍的柔道运动员在有触觉和声音刺激的改编 SJFT（实验条件）和通常进行的 SJFT（标准条件）下进行了测试。我们使用重复测量方差分析（ANOVAs）来比较两组的 SJFT 表现，使用单向方差分析来比较不同视力能力等级的运动员（B1、B2 和 B3）。我们使用 t 检验来比较精英组和次精英组之间的 SJFT 变量。我们将所有测试的统计显著性设定为<0.05。标准 SJFT 对投掷次数和总体指数的重测信度均表现出优异（ICC=0.91-0.95），而 SJFT 的声音和触觉灵敏度适应均表现出中等敏感性，可用于检测性能变化。与触觉和标准版本相比，测试的声音适应版本的投掷次数和 SJFT 指数更高（<0.001）。仅在有声音刺激的 SJFT 中，全盲（B1）运动员的表现与部分视力运动员（B2 和 B3）相似。此外，只有有声音的 SJFT 适应才能区分精英运动员和次精英运动员的表现（<0.001）。总之，两种 SJFT 适应在重测时均表现出极好的可靠性和中等敏感性，但只有有声音刺激的 SJFT 似乎可以有效地评估不同程度视力障碍的柔道运动员，而且只有有声音刺激的 SJFT 可以区分精英运动员和次精英运动员。
