Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966 557224154, e-mail:
J Contemp Dent Pract. 2021 Mar 1;22(3):284-289.
Evaluation of the root canal morphology of maxillary premolars was the primary objective of this study, on the criteria of the roots present, canals detected in the roots, and anatomical canal patterns according to Vertucci's classification observed in the Saudi population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic analysis comparing them to previous reports in the same population.
A total of 710 maxillary 1st and 2nd premolars were considered in this research; of which 351 were 1st premolars and 359 were 2nd premolars. These premolars were investigated for their external and internal anatomy using CBCT. Teeth with apical closure and complete root development were included in the study. Endodontically treated teeth, teeth with calcified canals or resorbed roots, as well as unclear teeth on CBCT images were excluded.
Among the 351 maxillary 1st premolars, 40.7% of teeth had 1 root, 57.5% had 2 roots, and 1.7% had 3 roots. Around 93.2% of teeth had 2 canals, 3.7% had 1 canal, 2.6% had 3 canals, and 0.4% had 4 canals. According to Vertucci's classification, 63.8% of teeth had class IV configuration, 14.8% had class V configuration, 7.7% had class III configuration, and 6.8% had class II configuration. Likewise, among the maxillary second premolars, 88% of teeth had 1 root and 12% of teeth had 2 roots. Around 38.2% of teeth had a single canal while 61.0% of teeth had 2 canals, and 3 teeth were found with the extra canal (had 3 canals). More than one-third (38.2%) of teeth had Vertucci type I, 19.2% had Vertucci type IV, 15.3% had Vertucci type III, and 12.3% had Vertucci type V.
Maxillary first premolars had a higher prevalence of 2 roots, whereas one root was predominant in second premolars. Most of the maxillary premolars had 2 canals with the majority having Vertucci type IV in the first premolars and type I in the second premolars.
Maxillary premolars present with external and internal anatomical variations, so clinician should be aware about these varieties by taking small field of view CBCT when needed which will be of great value.
本研究的主要目的是评估沙特人群上颌前磨牙的根管形态，根据 Vertucci 分类，以存在的根、在根中检测到的根管以及观察到的解剖根管形态为标准，使用锥形束计算机断层扫描 (CBCT) 放射分析进行评估，并与同一人群的先前报告进行比较。
本研究共考虑了 710 颗上颌第一和第二前磨牙；其中 351 颗为第一前磨牙，359 颗为第二前磨牙。使用 CBCT 对这些前磨牙的外部和内部解剖结构进行了研究。纳入研究的牙齿为根尖封闭且具有完整根发育的牙齿。排除了牙髓治疗过的牙齿、具有钙化根管或吸收根的牙齿以及 CBCT 图像上不清楚的牙齿。
在 351 颗上颌第一前磨牙中，40.7%的牙齿有 1 个根，57.5%的牙齿有 2 个根，1.7%的牙齿有 3 个根。大约 93.2%的牙齿有 2 个根管，3.7%的牙齿有 1 个根管，2.6%的牙齿有 3 个根管，0.4%的牙齿有 4 个根管。根据 Vertucci 分类，63.8%的牙齿为 IV 型结构，14.8%的牙齿为 V 型结构，7.7%的牙齿为 III 型结构，6.8%的牙齿为 II 型结构。同样，在上颌第二前磨牙中，88%的牙齿有 1 个根，12%的牙齿有 2 个根。大约 38.2%的牙齿有单根管，61.0%的牙齿有 2 个根管，有 3 颗牙齿有额外根管（有 3 个根管）。三分之一以上（38.2%）的牙齿为 Vertucci Ⅰ型，19.2%的牙齿为 Vertucci Ⅳ型，15.3%的牙齿为 Vertucci Ⅲ型，12.3%的牙齿为 Vertucci Ⅴ型。
上颌第一前磨牙更常见的是 2 个根，而第二前磨牙则以 1 个根为主。大多数上颌前磨牙有 2 个根管，其中第一前磨牙以 Vertucci Ⅳ型为主，第二前磨牙以 Vertucci Ⅰ型为主。
上颌前磨牙存在外部和内部解剖变异，因此临床医生在需要时应通过小视野 CBCT 了解这些变异，这将具有重要价值。
