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磷酸三丁酯和Cyanex 923在锂和镁溶剂萃取中的相反选择性

Opposite selectivities of tri--butyl phosphate and Cyanex 923 in solvent extraction of lithium and magnesium.

作者信息

Li Zheng, Binnemans Koen

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven Heverlee Belgium.

出版信息

AIChE J. 2021 Jul;67(7):e17219. doi: 10.1002/aic.17219. Epub 2021 Feb 9.

DOI:10.1002/aic.17219
PMID:34219744
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8243954/
Abstract

The synergic solvent extraction system of tri--butyl phosphate (TBP) and FeCl (or ionic liquids, ILs) has been extensively studied for selective extraction of Li from Mg-containing brines. However, Cyanex 923 (C923), which extracts many metals stronger than TBP, has not yet been examined for Li/Mg separation. Here, we report on the unexpected observation that the C923/FeCl system has opposite Li/Mg selectivity compared to the TBP/FeCl system. Detailed investigations show that the opposite selectivity of the C923/FeCl (or IL) system is due to three factors: (1) the strong extraction of Fe by C923 leads to a low concentration of [FeCl] in the system, which is essential for Li extraction; (2) C923 in combination with an IL extracts Mg strongly by an ion-pair mechanism; (3) most importantly, C923 extracts Mg by solvation, resulting in an insufficient concentration of C923 for Li extraction. The unexpected poor Li/Mg selectivity of C923 highlights the irreplaceable role of TBP in the selective recovery of Li.

摘要

磷酸三丁酯（TBP）与FeCl（或离子液体，ILs）的协同溶剂萃取体系已被广泛研究用于从含镁卤水中选择性萃取锂。然而，对许多金属的萃取能力比TBP更强的Cyanex 923（C923）尚未用于锂/镁分离的研究。在此，我们报告了一个意外的发现，即与TBP/FeCl体系相比，C923/FeCl体系具有相反的锂/镁选择性。详细研究表明，C923/FeCl（或IL）体系的相反选择性归因于三个因素：（1）C923对Fe的强烈萃取导致体系中[FeCl]浓度较低，而这对锂的萃取至关重要；（2）C923与IL结合通过离子对机制强烈萃取镁；（3）最重要的是，C923通过溶剂化作用萃取镁，导致用于锂萃取的C923浓度不足。C923意外的较差锂/镁选择性突出了TBP在锂的选择性回收中不可替代的作用。

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