Incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy after a computed tomography scan.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

The term contrast-induced nephropathy is used to describe acute deterioration of renal function after the intravenous administration of iodinated contrast material. We aimed to estimate the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy and to analyze the evolution of different biomarkers of renal function in patients who underwent computed tomography with intravenous contrast administration after premedication with oral hydration and N-acetylcysteine.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This prospective observational study included 112 patients with chronic renal failure (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 30ml-60ml/min/1.73m) scheduled for computed tomography with intravenous iodinated contrast material. We recorded demographic variables, dose of contrast material, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and serum hemoglobin. We measured serum creatinine and GFR after premedication and after the CT examination. We summarized variables as means, standard deviations, and percentages. We used the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests to compare pre- and post-CT values and Pearson's r to analyze correlations.

RESULTS

Incidence acute kidney injury: 0.9%; 95%CI: 0.36-1.4. Mean difference between pre- and post-CT creatinine: 0.04; 95%CI: 0.002-0.09, p<0.004. Mean difference between pre- and post-CT GFR: -3.06; 95%CI: -4.66 to -1.47), p<0.001.

CONCLUSIONS

The incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic renal failure and GFR 30ml-60ml/min/1.73m is low. The biomarkers of renal function analyzed improve in patients who receive premedication and the minimum dose of contrast material.