Di Antonio Stefano, Castaldo Matteo, Ponzano Marta, Bovis Francesca, Torelli Paola, Finocchi Cinzia, Arendt-Nielsen Lars
Center for Pain and Neuroplasticity, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, Genoa, Italy.
Scand J Pain. 2021 Jul 13;21(4):766-777. doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0050. Print 2021 Oct 26.
This observational study aimed to assess the difference in disability, burden, and sensitization between migraine patients with low-frequency headache attack (1-8 headache days/month), high-frequency headache attack (9-14 headache days/months), and patients with chronic migraine (>14 headache days/months).
Migraine patients with or without aura were divided into three groups according to headache frequency (low-frequency episodic migraine; high-frequency episodic migraine; chronic migraine). Questionnaires were used to assess the burden of headache, quality of life, phycological burden, and symptoms related to sensitization (estimated by the Central Sensitization Inventory). Differences among migraine groups were assessed using Chi-Quadro test, ANOVA, or Kruskal-Wallis as appropriate.
136 patients were included (68 low-frequency episodic migraine, 45 high-frequency episodic migraine, 23 chronic migraine). Patients with high frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine differed from patients with low frequency episodic migraine showing a worse burden of headache (p=0.002; p=0.002), worse level of physical (p=0.001; p<0.001) and mental (p=0.002; p=0.001) quality of life, worse level of depression (p=0.008; p=0.003), and increase presence of symptoms related to sensitization (p<0.001; p=0.003). No differences were found in any variables between patients with high-frequency episodic migraine and patients with chronic migraine (p>0.05).
Patients with high-frequency episodic migraine and chronic migraine could be considered in the same segment of the migraine population, with similar degrees of disability and sensitization related symptoms.
本观察性研究旨在评估低频头痛发作（每月1 - 8个头痛日）、高频头痛发作（每月9 - 14个头痛日）的偏头痛患者与慢性偏头痛患者（每月>14个头痛日）在残疾、负担和敏化方面的差异。
有或无先兆的偏头痛患者根据头痛频率分为三组（低频发作性偏头痛；高频发作性偏头痛；慢性偏头痛）。使用问卷评估头痛负担、生活质量、心理负担以及与敏化相关的症状（通过中枢敏化量表评估）。根据情况，使用卡方检验、方差分析或克鲁斯卡尔 - 沃利斯检验评估偏头痛组之间的差异。
纳入136例患者（68例低频发作性偏头痛，45例高频发作性偏头痛，23例慢性偏头痛）。高频发作性偏头痛患者和慢性偏头痛患者与低频发作性偏头痛患者不同，前者显示出更严重的头痛负担（p = 0.002；p = 0.002）、更差的身体（p = 0.001；p < 0.001）和心理（p = 0.002；p = 0.001）生活质量水平、更严重的抑郁程度（p = 0.008；p = 0.003）以及与敏化相关症状的出现增加（p < 0.001；p = 0.003）。高频发作性偏头痛患者与慢性偏头痛患者在任何变量上均未发现差异（p > 0.05）。
高频发作性偏头痛患者和慢性偏头痛患者可被视为偏头痛人群中的同一类别，具有相似程度的残疾和敏化相关症状。
