MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Jul 16;70(28):991-996. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7028a2.
COVID-19 has disproportionately affected non-Hispanic Black or African American (Black) and Hispanic persons in the United States (1,2). In North Carolina during January-September 2020, deaths from COVID-19 were 1.6 times higher among Black persons than among non-Hispanic White persons (3), and the rate of COVID-19 cases among Hispanic persons was 2.3 times higher than that among non-Hispanic persons (4). During December 14, 2020-April 6, 2021, the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) monitored the proportion of Black and Hispanic persons* aged ≥16 years who received COVID-19 vaccinations, relative to the population proportions of these groups. On January 14, 2021, NCDHHS implemented a multipronged strategy to prioritize COVID-19 vaccinations among Black and Hispanic persons. This included mapping communities with larger population proportions of persons aged ≥65 years among these groups, increasing vaccine allocations to providers serving these communities, setting expectations that the share of vaccines administered to Black and Hispanic persons matched or exceeded population proportions, and facilitating community partnerships. From December 14, 2020-January 3, 2021 to March 29-April 6, 2021, the proportion of vaccines administered to Black persons increased from 9.2% to 18.7%, and the proportion administered to Hispanic persons increased from 3.9% to 9.9%, approaching the population proportion aged ≥16 years of these groups (22.3% and 8.0%, respectively). Vaccinating communities most affected by COVID-19 is a national priority (5). Public health officials could use U.S. Census tract-level mapping to guide vaccine allocation, promote shared accountability for equitable distribution of COVID-19 vaccines with vaccine providers through data sharing, and facilitate community partnerships to support vaccine access and promote equity in vaccine uptake.
新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）在美国不成比例地影响了非西班牙裔黑种人或非裔美国人（黑人）和西班牙裔人（1,2）。在 2020 年 1 月至 9 月期间，北卡罗来纳州黑人死于 COVID-19 的人数比非西班牙裔白人高出 1.6 倍（3），而西班牙裔人的 COVID-19 发病率比非西班牙裔人高出 2.3 倍（4）。2020 年 12 月 14 日至 2021 年 4 月 6 日期间，北卡罗来纳州卫生与公众服务部（NCDHHS）监测了≥16 岁的黑人及西班牙裔人群中接受 COVID-19 疫苗接种的比例，与这些群体的人口比例进行了对比。2021 年 1 月 14 日，NCDHHS 实施了一项多管齐下的战略，优先为黑人及西班牙裔人群接种 COVID-19 疫苗。其中包括对这些群体中≥65 岁人群比例较大的社区进行地图绘制，增加向服务这些社区的提供者分配疫苗，期望为黑人及西班牙裔人群接种的疫苗数量与或超过其人口比例，以及促进社区合作。从 2020 年 12 月 14 日至 2021 年 1 月 3 日至 2021 年 3 月 29 日至 4 月 6 日，为黑人接种的疫苗比例从 9.2%增加到 18.7%，为西班牙裔接种的疫苗比例从 3.9%增加到 9.9%，接近这些群体中≥16 岁人群的人口比例（分别为 22.3%和 8.0%）。为受 COVID-19 影响最严重的社区接种疫苗是国家的优先事项（5）。公共卫生官员可以使用美国人口普查地段级地图绘制来指导疫苗分配，通过数据共享促进与疫苗提供者共同承担公平分配 COVID-19 疫苗的责任，并促进社区合作，以支持疫苗的获取并促进疫苗接种的公平性。
