Williams James C, Lingeman James E, Daudon Michel, Bazin Dominique
Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana (USA).
Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana (USA).
C R Chim. 2021;24(Suppl 2). doi: 10.5802/crchim.89. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
Stone analysis is a critical part of the clinical characterization of urolithiasis. This article reviews the strengths and limitations of micro CT in the analysis of stones. Using micro CT alone in a series of 757 stone specimens, micro CT identified the 458 majority calcium oxalate specimens with a sensitivity of 99.6% and specificity of 95.3%. Micro CT alone was also successful in identifying majority apatite, brushite, uric acid, and struvite stones. For some minor minerals-such as apatite in calcium oxalate or calcium salts in uric acid stones-micro CT enables the detection of minute quantities well below 1%. The addition of a standard for calibrating X-ray attenuation values improves the ability of micro CT to identify common stone minerals. The three-dimensional nature of micro CT also allows for the visualization of surface features in stones, which is valuable for the study of stone formation.
结石分析是尿石症临床特征描述的关键部分。本文综述了微型计算机断层扫描（micro CT）在结石分析中的优势和局限性。在一系列757个结石标本中单独使用微型计算机断层扫描，微型计算机断层扫描识别出458个主要为草酸钙的标本，灵敏度为99.6%，特异性为95.3%。单独使用微型计算机断层扫描也成功识别出了主要的磷灰石、透钙磷石、尿酸和鸟粪石结石。对于一些微量矿物质，如草酸钙中的磷灰石或尿酸结石中的钙盐，微型计算机断层扫描能够检测到远低于1%的微量。添加用于校准X射线衰减值的标准可提高微型计算机断层扫描识别常见结石矿物质的能力。微型计算机断层扫描的三维特性还允许观察结石的表面特征，这对结石形成的研究很有价值。
