Mensah Albert Kobina, Marschner Bernd, Antoniadis Vasileios, Stemn Eric, Shaheen Sabry M, Rinklebe Jörg
Department of Soil Science and Soil Ecology, Institute of Geography, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Strasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany..
Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Dec 1;798:149272. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149272. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
Integrated studies about potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in sites near gold mining spoils, their contamination and human health risk, as well as remediation potential of native plants are limited. Therefore, our aim was to assess the human health risk of PTEs (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Ti, V, and Zn) in sites near an abandoned gold mine spoil in Ghana. We collected 52 soil samples near the mine spoil and from a natural forest, determined their total element contents, and calculated the soil contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (I) and the pollution load index (PLI). In addition, we calculated the human health risk of soil ingestion for adult males, females, and children using the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). We also assessed the phytoremediation potential of five native plants (Alchornea cordifolia, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, Pityrogramma calomelanos- fern, and Pueraria montana) growing near the mine spoil, and calculated their transfer coefficient (TC) and translocation factor (TF). Total content of As (maximum: 3144.0 mg/kg) surpassed the trigger action value of 65 mg/kg. Total Zn content at 90th percentile in the Pueraria field (197 mg/kg) and maximum value at mine surrounding (76.7 mg/kg) were above the world soil average (70 mg/kg). Pollution load index and EF values indicated severe levels of soil contamination particularly with As and Ti. Hazard index (HI) values for all sites for children (0.7-134.56), adult males (0.05-10.6), and adult females (0.13-12.77) were above 1 and indicated high human health risk especially on children and women. Translocation factor shows that native plant species such as Chromolaena odorata and fern accumulated As, Cu, Ti, and Zn into their shoots and may thus have the potential to reduce the high soil contamination and its associated human health risk.
关于金矿尾矿附近场地中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）、其污染情况、对人类健康的风险以及本地植物修复潜力的综合研究较为有限。因此，我们的目标是评估加纳一处废弃金矿尾矿附近场地中PTEs（铝、砷、镉、铬、铜、铁、镍、铅、钛、钒和锌）对人类健康的风险。我们在尾矿附近和一片天然森林中采集了52个土壤样本，测定了它们的总元素含量，并计算了土壤污染因子（CF）、富集因子（EF）、地累积指数（I）和污染负荷指数（PLI）。此外，我们使用危害商数（HQ）和危害指数（HI）计算了成年男性、女性和儿童因摄入土壤而面临的人类健康风险。我们还评估了生长在尾矿附近的五种本地植物（心叶山麻杆、香丝草、马缨丹、粉叶蕨和野葛）的植物修复潜力，并计算了它们的转移系数（TC）和转运因子（TF）。砷的总含量（最高：3144.0毫克/千克）超过了65毫克/千克的触发行动值。野葛地第90百分位数处的总锌含量（197毫克/千克）以及尾矿周边的最大值（76.7毫克/千克）高于世界土壤平均值（70毫克/千克）。污染负荷指数和EF值表明土壤污染严重，尤其是砷和钛。所有场地儿童的危害指数（HI）值（0.7 - 134.56）、成年男性（0.05 - 10.6）和成年女性（0.13 - 12.77）均高于1，表明对人类健康风险较高，尤其是对儿童和女性。转运因子表明，诸如香丝草和蕨类等本地植物物种会将砷、铜、钛和锌积累到地上部分，因此可能有潜力降低高土壤污染及其相关的人类健康风险。
