Kulisek V, Tomori Z
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Czechoslovakia.
Acta Physiol Hung. 1987;70(2-3):263-7.
Pleural pressure, airflow and tidal volume during experimental cough and sneeze elicited by mechanical stimulation of the tracheobronchial and nasal mucous membranes were investigated in fifty anaesthetized cats (pentobarbital, 40 mg/kg i.p.). Pressure-volume, pressure-flow and flow-volume relations were studied during these expulsive processes. In comparison to quiet breathing there was a decrease in dynamic lung compliance in both respiratory tract reflexes (p less than 0.001), especially in their expiratory phases. As compared to quiet breathing, the total work of breathing was significantly increased (p less than 0.001) in cough (20 times) as well as in sneeze (13 times). The total lung resistance increased markedly (p less than 0.001) in both cough and sneeze compared to quiet breathing. In these expulsive processes there was also a high "cough index" (resistance calculated from the peak flow and instantaneous pressure). The flow-volume curve in cough, in contradistinction to sneeze, indicated a significantly reduced airflow of the end of expiration (at 85% of the expired volume), demonstrating a concomitant bronchoconstriction.
在50只麻醉猫（腹腔注射戊巴比妥，40mg/kg）中，研究了通过机械刺激气管支气管和鼻黏膜诱发实验性咳嗽和打喷嚏时的胸膜压力、气流和潮气量。在这些呼气过程中研究了压力-容积、压力-流量和流量-容积关系。与安静呼吸相比，两种呼吸道反射中的动态肺顺应性均降低（p<0.001），尤其是在呼气阶段。与安静呼吸相比，咳嗽（20倍）和打喷嚏（13倍）时的呼吸总功均显著增加（p<0.001）。与安静呼吸相比，咳嗽和打喷嚏时的总肺阻力均显著增加（p<0.001）。在这些呼气过程中，还有一个较高的“咳嗽指数”（根据峰值流量和瞬时压力计算的阻力）。与打喷嚏不同，咳嗽时的流量-容积曲线表明呼气末期（呼出容积的85%时）气流显著减少，显示伴有支气管收缩。
