Ozarkar Aarti, Kanyal Abhishek, Dass Swati, Deshpande Prakash, Deobagkar Deepti, Karmodiya Krishanpal
Department of Zoology, Centre for Advanced Studies, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India.
J Biosci. 2021;46.
The global emergence and spread of malaria parasites resistant to antimalarial drugs is a major problem in malaria control and elimination. In this study, samples from Pune district were characterized to determine prevalence of molecular markers of resistance to chloroquine ( codons C72S, M74I, N75E, K76T and -1 N86Y, Y184F), pyrimethamine ( C50R, N51I, C59R, S108N), sulfadoxine (, S436A, A437G, K540E, A581G), and artemisinin (, C580Y, R539T). The K76T mutation was found in 78% samples as CVMNT, SVMNT and CVIET haplotype. The N86Y and Y184F mutations were found in 54% of samples. The double mutation C59R + S108N was present in 67% of samples, while the triple mutation (N51I + C59R + S108N) was not detected. The mutations A437G and K540E were found in 67% of samples. Single mutants of were rare, with K540E detected in only 6 patient samples. Similarly, A581G was found in 13 of the isolates. The molecular markers associated with artemisinin resistance (mutations in C580Y, R539T) were not detected in any of the isolates. These results suggest an emerging problem with multidrug-resistant . Though the genotype conventionally associated with artemisinin resistance was not observed, chloroquine-resistant genotype has reached complete fixation in the population. Moreover, the prevalence of mutations in both and , with the presence of the quadruple mutant, indicates that continued monitoring is required to assess whether sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine can be used efficiently as a partner drug for artemisinin for the treatment of .
对抗疟药物产生抗性的疟原虫在全球的出现和传播是疟疾控制与消除工作中的一个主要问题。在本研究中，对来自普纳地区的样本进行了特征分析，以确定对氯喹（密码子C72S、M74I、N75E、K76T和-1 N86Y、Y184F）、乙胺嘧啶（C50R、N51I、C59R、S108N）、磺胺多辛（S436A、A437G、K540E、A581G）和青蒿素（C580Y、R539T）抗性分子标记的流行情况。在78%的样本中发现K76T突变以CVMNT、SVMNT和CVIET单倍型存在。在54%的样本中发现N86Y和Y184F突变。双突变C59R + S108N存在于67%的样本中，而三突变（N51I + C59R + S108N）未被检测到。A437G和K540E突变在67%的样本中被发现。单突变很少见，仅在6个患者样本中检测到K540E。同样，在13个分离株中发现了A581G。在任何分离株中均未检测到与青蒿素抗性相关的分子标记（C580Y、R539T突变）。这些结果表明多重耐药疟原虫出现了问题。尽管未观察到传统上与青蒿素抗性相关的基因型，但耐氯喹基因型在该人群中已完全固定。此外，磺胺多辛和乙胺嘧啶中突变的流行以及四重突变体的存在表明，需要持续监测以评估磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶是否可有效地作为青蒿素的联合用药用于疟疾治疗。
