Unique bench-stable rhodium(I) complexes bearing an aryl-substituted 1,3,5-hexatriene chain have been synthesized by reactions of (bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene)rhodium(I) chloride dimer ([Rh(nbd)Cl] ) with aryl boronic acids and diphenylacetylenes in the presence of a 50 % aqueous solution of KOH. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the isolated complexes indicated a square-planar structure stabilized by a strong interaction with one of the aryl groups on the 1,3,5-hexatriene chain, which has a helical structure. The helical chirality of the isolated rhodium complexes was confirmed to be sufficiently stable to be resolved into enantiomers by HPLC on a chiral stationary phase at room temperature. It was confirmed that the isolated rhodium complexes functioned as initiators for living polymerization of phenylacetylene to give cis-stereoregular poly(phenylacetylene) with a well-controlled molecular weight.