Sebastian Juny, Parthasarathi Gurumurthy, Ravi Mandyam Dhati
Department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Director, Pharmacovigilance and Clinical Trials, Botswana Medicines Regulatory Authority, Gaborone, Botswana.
Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother. 2021 Jul 31;9:25151355211032590. doi: 10.1177/25151355211032590. eCollection 2021.
Maintaining the quality and safety of immunization is as important as the efficacy of vaccines in vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) programs. The aim of this study was to determine the problems associated with different stages of vaccine use and to assess the outcome of an educational intervention on safety and quality use of vaccines among health care providers.
A pilot prospective interventional study was conducted over a period of 2 years at 271 sites in Mysuru, India. The study population was health care professionals (HCPs) involved in immunization and a sample of parents (one per site). A validated questionnaire was used as a study tool. An educational intervention on best immunization practice was conducted for the enrolled HCPs and the impact of the educational intervention was assessed using the study tool after 3 weeks.
The total number of the study population was 594 (323 HCPs and 271 parents). Of these, 41.49% were working at community health care facility and 33.13% were enrolled from primary care centers. There were statistically significant improvements in post interventional assessment of all stages of the immunization process including storage ( -0.001), transportation ( -0.001), administration ( 0.001), monitoring and reporting of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) ( -0.001), knowledge of AEFIs ( 0.001), and HCP-parent communication ( 0.001). AEFI reporting improved by 30% in the post education phase.
Continuous education and motivation can result in positive behavioral changes on best immunization practices amongst HCPs involved in immunization, which may help to improve and maintain the safety and quality use of vaccines in immunization centers irrespective of the type of facility.
在疫苗可预防疾病（VPD）项目中，维持免疫接种的质量和安全性与疫苗的效力同样重要。本研究旨在确定疫苗使用不同阶段相关的问题，并评估针对医疗保健提供者开展的疫苗安全与质量使用教育干预的效果。
在印度迈索尔的271个地点进行了为期2年的前瞻性干预性试点研究。研究人群为参与免疫接种的医疗保健专业人员（HCP）以及家长样本（每个地点1名）。使用经过验证的问卷作为研究工具。对入选的HCP进行最佳免疫接种实践的教育干预，并在3周后使用该研究工具评估教育干预的效果。
研究人群总数为594人（323名HCP和271名家长）。其中，41.49%在社区卫生保健机构工作，33.13%来自初级保健中心。免疫接种过程各阶段的干预后评估均有统计学意义上的显著改善，包括储存（-0.001）、运输（-0.001）、接种（0.001）、免疫接种后不良事件（AEFI）的监测与报告（-0.001）、AEFI知识（0.001）以及HCP与家长的沟通（0.001）。教育后阶段AEFI报告改善了30%。
持续教育和激励可促使参与免疫接种的HCP在最佳免疫接种实践方面产生积极的行为改变，这可能有助于改善和维持免疫接种中心疫苗的安全与质量使用，无论机构类型如何。
