Abnormally Enlarged Singular Thebesian Vein in Right Atrium.

Thebesian veins in the heart are subendocardial venoluminal channels and are usually less than 0.5 mm in diameter. The system of TV either opens a venous (venoluminal) or an arterial (arterioluminal) channel directly into the lumen of the cardiac chambers or via some intervening spaces (venosinusoidal/ arteriosinusoidal) termed as sinusoids. Enlarged thebesian veins are reported in patients with congenital heart disease and usually, multiple veins are enlarged. Very few reports of such abnormal enlargement are there in the absence of congenital heart disease, but in all such cases, they are multiple and in association with coronary artery microfistule. We report a very rare case of a singular thebesian vein in the right atrium, which was abnormally enlarged. It is important to recognize because it can be confused with other cardiac structures like coronary sinus during diagnostic or therapeutic catheterization and can lead to cardiac injury and complications if it is attempted to cannulate it or pass the guidewires.