Department of Psychology, Université De Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Sleep Laboratory and Clinic, Rivière-des-Prairies Mental Health Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Behav Sleep Med. 2022 Sep-Oct;20(5):598-609. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2021.1971984. Epub 2021 Aug 29.
OBJECTIVES/BACKGROUND: Intellectual giftedness is characterized by an intellectual development superior to peers, while emotional and relational developments correspond to the age norms. Few empirical researches have investigated sleep profile of gifted children (GC) and its association with their well-being, all of which used IQ as the sole definition criteria for GC. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between giftedness and sleep on socio-emotional functioning.
The sample consisted of 32 GC (25 boys; mean age = 9.62, SD = 1.81) and 17 typically-developing children (TD: 13 boys; mean age = 10.23 years, SD = 1.95). Giftedness was identified using Renzulli's three-factor definition of giftedness.
Children's sleep and socio-emotional functioning were respectively assessed with the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist, both completed by parents.
Being in the GC group increased by 4.67 times the risk of having sleep problems and 14.12 times the risk of having maladaptive behaviors. Two-way ANOVA tests showed that sleep problems tended to moderate the relation between giftedness and adjustment difficulties so that the combination of giftedness and sleep problems appeared to be prejudicial to socio-emotional functioning.
Giftedness could be a risk factor for sleep disorders as well as adjustment difficulties. The present results support the importance of addressing sleep in the GC assessment to improve their well-being and eventually limit the negative impacts of sleep difficulties on emotional and behavioral functioning.
目的/背景：智力天赋的特点是智力发展优于同龄人，而情感和关系发展则符合年龄规范。很少有实证研究调查过天才儿童（GC）的睡眠状况及其与幸福感的关系，所有这些研究都将智商作为 GC 的唯一定义标准。本研究旨在探讨天赋与睡眠对社会情感功能的相互作用。
样本由 32 名 GC（25 名男孩；平均年龄 9.62 岁，标准差 1.81）和 17 名正常发育的儿童（TD：13 名男孩；平均年龄 10.23 岁，标准差 1.95）组成。使用 Renzulli 的三重天赋定义来确定天赋。
通过父母分别完成儿童睡眠习惯问卷和儿童行为检查表来评估儿童的睡眠和社会情感功能。
属于 GC 组会使睡眠问题的风险增加 4.67 倍，使适应不良行为的风险增加 14.12 倍。双向方差分析检验表明，睡眠问题往往会调节天赋与适应困难之间的关系，因此天赋和睡眠问题的组合似乎对社会情感功能不利。
天赋可能是睡眠障碍和适应困难的一个风险因素。本研究结果支持在 GC 评估中解决睡眠问题的重要性，以提高他们的幸福感，并最终限制睡眠困难对情感和行为功能的负面影响。
