Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Biología, Área de Antropología, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
University of Coimbra, Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal.
Anthropol Anz. 2022 Feb 2;79(1):95-100. doi: 10.1127/anthranz/2021/1454.
(CT) is a developmental condition affecting the craniovertebral junction. Its prevalence was estimated to be less than 5% and can be asymptomatic or debilitating. This study aims to search for CT in the Coimbra Identified Skeletal Collection (CISC) and to do a bibliographic review of this neglected developmental defect. Two hundred individuals, from both sexes, and with ages at death between 30 and 59 years old from the CISC were observed macroscopically to search for CT. A bibliographic survey of the bioarcheological and clinical literature was conducted. One female individual (0.5%) had CT with irregular margins and porosity. In addition to the CT, the odontoid process of the axis had an increase in its retroversion angle and looked enlarged. The vertebra L1 showed hypoplasia of the right transverse process and the sacrum presented incomplete sacralization of the vertebra L5. In archaeological derived individuals only eight cases of CT were recognized in the literature survey, the oldest dating from the Pleistocene. This study draws attention to this trait and its diagnosis in skeletal individuals and alerts to the possible coexistence with other developmental defects in transitional vertebrae.
(CT) 是一种影响颅颈交界区的发育状况。其患病率估计不到 5%，可能无症状，也可能使人衰弱。本研究旨在科英布拉已识别骨骼标本库（CISC）中寻找 CT，并对这一被忽视的发育缺陷进行文献回顾。观察了 CISC 中 200 名来自不同性别、死亡年龄在 30 至 59 岁之间的个体，以寻找 CT。对生物考古学和临床文献进行了文献综述。一名女性个体（0.5%）有 CT，表现为边缘不规则和多孔性。除了 CT 外，枢椎的齿状突向后旋转角度增加，看起来增大了。L1 腰椎的右侧横突发育不全，骶骨的 L5 椎体未完全骨化。在考古学衍生的个体中，文献综述中仅发现 8 例 CT，最古老的病例可追溯到更新世。本研究提请注意这种特征及其在骨骼个体中的诊断，并提醒注意在过渡椎中可能与其他发育缺陷共存。
