Stelmachowski Paweł, Duch Joanna, Sebastián David, Lázaro María Jesús, Kotarba Andrzej
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Aug 31;14(17):4984. doi: 10.3390/ma14174984.
This review paper presents the most recent research progress on carbon-based composite electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which are of interest for application in low temperature water electrolyzers for hydrogen production. The reviewed materials are primarily investigated as active and stable replacements aimed at lowering the cost of the metal electrocatalysts in liquid alkaline electrolyzers as well as potential electrocatalysts for an emerging technology like alkaline exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers. Low temperature electrolyzer technologies are first briefly introduced and the challenges thereof are presented. The non-carbon electrocatalysts are briefly overviewed, with an emphasis on the modes of action of different active phases. The main part of the review focuses on the role of carbon-metal compound active phase interfaces with an emphasis on the synergistic and additive effects. The procedures of carbon oxidative pretreatment and an overview of metal-free carbon catalysts for OER are presented. Then, the successful synthesis protocols of composite materials are presented with a discussion on the specific catalytic activity of carbon composites with metal hydroxides/oxyhydroxides/oxides, chalcogenides, nitrides and phosphides. Finally, a summary and outlook on carbon-based composites for low temperature water electrolysis are presented.
这篇综述文章介绍了用于析氧反应（OER）的碳基复合电催化剂的最新研究进展，这类催化剂在低温水电解制氢中具有应用前景。所综述的材料主要作为活性和稳定的替代品进行研究，旨在降低液体碱性电解槽中金属电催化剂的成本，以及作为碱性交换膜（AEM）电解槽等新兴技术的潜在电催化剂。首先简要介绍了低温电解槽技术及其面临的挑战。对非碳电催化剂进行了简要概述，重点介绍了不同活性相的作用模式。综述的主要部分聚焦于碳 - 金属化合物活性相界面的作用，重点强调协同效应和加和效应。介绍了碳氧化预处理的步骤以及用于OER的无金属碳催化剂的概况。然后，介绍了复合材料的成功合成方案，并讨论了碳复合材料与金属氢氧化物/羟基氧化物/氧化物、硫族化物、氮化物和磷化物的具体催化活性。最后，对低温水电解用碳基复合材料进行了总结和展望。
