Kazim Emre, Koshiyama Adriano Soares
Computer Science, University College London, Gower St, London WC1E 6EA, UK.
Patterns (N Y). 2021 Sep 10;2(9):100314. doi: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100314.
Artificial intelligence (AI) ethics is a field that has emerged as a response to the growing concern regarding the impact of AI. It can be read as a nascent field and as a subset of the wider field of digital ethics, which addresses concerns raised by the development and deployment of new digital technologies, such as AI, big data analytics, and blockchain technologies. The principle aim of this article is to provide a high-level conceptual discussion of the field by way of introducing basic concepts and sketching approaches and central themes in AI ethics. The first part introduces concepts by noting what is being referred to by "AI" and "ethics", etc.; the second part explores some predecessors to AI ethics, namely engineering ethics, philosophy of technology, and science and technology studies; the third part discusses three current approaches to AI ethics namely, principles, processes, and ethical consciousness; and finally, the fourth part discusses central themes in translating ethics in to engineering practice. We conclude by summarizing and noting the inherent interdisciplinary future directions and debates in AI ethics.
人工智能伦理是一个随着人们对人工智能影响的日益关注而兴起的领域。它既可以被视为一个新兴领域，也是更广泛的数字伦理领域的一个子集，数字伦理领域解决诸如人工智能、大数据分析和区块链技术等新数字技术的开发和部署所引发的问题。本文的主要目的是通过介绍基本概念以及勾勒人工智能伦理的方法和核心主题，对该领域进行高层次的概念性探讨。第一部分通过指出“人工智能”和“伦理”等所指的内容来介绍概念；第二部分探讨人工智能伦理的一些前身，即工程伦理、技术哲学以及科学技术研究；第三部分讨论当前人工智能伦理的三种方法，即原则、过程和伦理意识；最后，第四部分讨论将伦理转化为工程实践中的核心主题。我们通过总结并指出人工智能伦理中固有的跨学科未来方向和争论来得出结论。
