年轻人参与基于赋权的行为改变干预以预防内罗毕非正规住区性暴力的经验：一项定性研究。

Young People's Experiences With an Empowerment-Based Behavior Change Intervention to Prevent Sexual Violence in Nairobi Informal Settlements: A Qualitative Study.

机构信息

Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Institute for Social Development, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.

出版信息

Glob Health Sci Pract. 2021 Sep 30;9(3):508-522. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00105.

DOI:10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00105

PMID:34593578

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8514032/

Abstract

PURPOSE

Young people in sub-Saharan Africa face one of the world's highest burdens of sexual violence. Previous impact evaluations indicated that a 6-week empowerment-based behavioral intervention in Nairobi informal (slum) settlements can reduce sexual assault. This qualitative study investigated girls' and boys' experiences of the intervention to identify potential mechanisms of change.

METHODS

We conducted a qualitative study in Nairobi slums with students (aged 15-21 years) who had participated in 2 parallel school-based curriculums called IMPower (girls) and Your Moment of Truth (boys) at least 1 year ago. Data were collected via 10 focus group discussions (5 for boys, 5 for girls) with 6-11 participants in each and 21 individual in-depth interviews (11 boys, 10 girls) that explored participants' experiences of the intervention and their suggestions for improvement. Findings were analyzed using thematic network analysis guided by empowerment theory.

RESULTS

Girls described how the intervention enabled them to recognize and resist sexual assault via verbal and physical strategies for self-protection, negotiate sexual consent, and exercise agency. Boys described increased ability to avoid risky behaviors and "bad" peer groups and to understand and respect consent. Girls also described how the intervention strengthened their self-confidence, and boys said that it boosted positive life values and gender-equal attitudes. Skilled facilitators and interactive and relevant content were highlighted as key to intervention success. Areas of improvement included expanding the curriculum to contain more content on sexual and reproductive health and rights and involving out-of-school youth, parents, teachers, and communities.

CONCLUSION

Findings indicate that a relatively short, behavioral school-based intervention can empower both girls and boys to prevent various forms of sexual violence in a low-income setting where it is endemic. Incorporating multilevel support structures, such as involving communities and families, could further enhance young people's long-term safety, health, and well-being.

摘要

目的

撒哈拉以南非洲的年轻人面临着世界上最高的性暴力负担之一。先前的影响评估表明，在内罗毕非正规（贫民窟）住区开展为期 6 周的以赋权为基础的行为干预可以减少性侵犯。本定性研究调查了女孩和男孩对干预措施的体验，以确定潜在的变化机制。

方法

我们在内罗毕贫民窟进行了一项定性研究，研究对象是至少 1 年前参加过两项基于学校的课程的学生（年龄在 15-21 岁之间），这两项课程分别是 IMPower（女孩）和 Your Moment of Truth（男孩）。通过 10 个焦点小组讨论（男孩 5 个，女孩 5 个）和 21 个个人深度访谈（男孩 11 个，女孩 10 个）收集数据，每个小组有 6-11 名参与者，探讨参与者对干预措施的体验以及他们对改进的建议。研究结果采用以赋权理论为指导的主题网络分析进行分析。

结果

女孩们描述了干预措施如何通过口头和身体自我保护策略、协商性同意以及行使代理权，使她们能够识别和抵制性侵犯。男孩们描述了他们避免危险行为和“坏”同伴群体的能力有所提高，并且能够理解和尊重同意。女孩们还描述了干预措施如何增强了她们的自信，而男孩们则表示这提高了他们的积极生活价值观和性别平等态度。熟练的辅导员以及互动和相关的内容被强调为干预成功的关键。需要改进的领域包括扩大课程内容，包含更多关于性健康和生殖健康以及权利的内容，并让校外青年、父母、教师和社区参与进来。