Institute of Clinical Physiology of the Italian National Research Council, Pisa, Italy.
Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2128561. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.28561.
Although imaging has become a standard tool of modern medicine, its widespread use has been paralleled by an increasing cumulative radiation dose to patients despite technological advancements and campaigns calling for better awareness and minimization of unnecessary exposures.
To assess patients' knowledge about medical radiation and related risks.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A survey study of hospitals in Italy was conducted; all patients in waiting rooms for medical imaging procedures before undergoing imaging examinations at 16 teaching and nonteaching hospitals were approached to take the survey. The survey was performed from June 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020.
Survey respondents' basic knowledge of ionizing radiation levels and health risks, earlier imaging tests performed, and information and communication about radiation protection issues.
Among 3039 patients invited to participate, the response rate was 94.3% (n = 2866). Participants included 1531 women (53.4%); mean (SD) age was 44.9 (17.3) years. Of the 2866 participants, 1529 (53.3%) were aware of the existence of natural sources of ionizing radiation. Mammography (1101 [38.4%]) and magnetic resonance imaging (1231 [43.0%]) were categorized as radiation-based imaging modalities. More than half of the 2866 patients (1579 [55.1%]; P = .03) did not know that chest computed tomography delivers a larger dose of radiation than chest radiography, and only 1499 (52.3%) knew that radiation can be emitted after nuclear medicine examinations (P = .004). A total of 667 patients (23.3%) believed that radiation risks were unrelated to age, 1273 (44.4%) deemed their knowledge about radiation risks inadequate, and 2305 (80.4%) preferred to be informed about radiation risks by medical staff. A better knowledge of radiation issues was associated with receiving information from health care professionals (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% CI, 1.43-2.03; P < .001) and having a higher educational level (intermediate vs low: OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.17-1.88; P < .001; high vs low: OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 2.09-3.43; P < .001).
The results of this survey suggest that patients undergoing medical imaging procedures have overall limited knowledge about medical radiation. Intervention to achieve better patient awareness of radiation risks related to medical exposures may be beneficial.
尽管成像已成为现代医学的标准工具，但尽管技术进步和呼吁提高认识并尽量减少不必要的辐射暴露的运动并行不悖，但患者接受的累积辐射剂量仍在不断增加。
评估患者对医疗辐射及其相关风险的了解程度。
设计、地点和参与者：对意大利的医院进行了一项调查研究；在 16 所教学和非教学医院进行医学影像检查前，对等候室中的所有患者进行了调查，以接受调查。调查于 2019 年 6 月 1 日至 2020 年 5 月 31 日进行。
调查对象对电离辐射水平和健康风险、先前进行的影像学检查以及有关辐射防护问题的信息和交流的基本知识。
在邀请参加的 3039 名患者中，应答率为 94.3%（n=2866）。参与者包括 1531 名女性（53.4%）；平均（SD）年龄为 44.9（17.3）岁。在 2866 名参与者中，有 1529 名（53.3%）知道存在天然电离辐射源。乳房 X 光摄影术（1101[38.4%]）和磁共振成像（1231[43.0%]）被归类为基于辐射的成像方式。超过一半的 2866 名患者（1579 名[55.1%]；P=.03）不知道胸部计算机断层扫描的辐射剂量大于胸部 X 光摄影术，只有 1499 名（52.3%）知道核医学检查后会发出辐射（P=.004）。共有 667 名患者（23.3%）认为辐射风险与年龄无关，1273 名（44.4%）认为他们对辐射风险的了解不足，2305 名（80.4%）希望由医务人员告知他们有关辐射的风险。对辐射问题的了解程度与从医疗保健专业人员那里获得信息有关（优势比[OR]，1.71；95%置信区间[CI]，1.43-2.03；P<.001），与教育程度较高有关（中等与低：OR，1.48；95%CI，1.17-1.88；P<.001；高与低：OR，2.68；95%CI，2.09-3.43；P<.001）。
这项调查的结果表明，接受医学影像检查的患者对与医疗照射有关的医疗辐射总体上了解有限。为提高患者对与医疗照射有关的辐射风险的认识而进行干预可能是有益的。
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