Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States.
Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States.
Expert Rev Med Devices. 2021 Dec;18(sup1):129-144. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2021.1991309. Epub 2021 Oct 23.
Digital healthcare technologies are transforming the face of prosthetic care. Millions of people with limb loss around the world do not have access to any form of rehabilitative healthcare. However, digital technologies provide a promising solution to augment the range and efficiency of prosthetists.
The goal of this review is to introduce the digital technologies that have the potential to change clinical methods in prosthetic healthcare. Our target audience are researchers who are unfamiliar with the field of prostheses in general, especially with the newest technological developments. This review addresses technologies for: scanning of amputated limbs, limb-to-socket rectification, additive manufacturing of prosthetic sockets, and quantifying patient response to wearing sockets. This review does not address biomechatronic prostheses or biomechanical design practices.
Digital technologies will enable affordable prostheses to be built on a scale larger than with today's clinical practices. Large technological gaps need to be overcome to enable the mass production and distribution of prostheses digitally. However, recent advances in computational methods and CAD/CAM technologies are bridging this gap faster than ever before. We foresee that these technologies will return mobility and economic opportunity to amputees on a global scale in the near future.
数字医疗技术正在改变假肢护理的面貌。全球数以百万计的肢体残疾人士无法获得任何形式的康复医疗保健。然而,数字技术为增强假肢技师的范围和效率提供了一个有前途的解决方案。
本综述的目的是介绍有可能改变假肢医疗保健临床方法的数字技术。我们的目标受众是不熟悉假肢领域的研究人员,特别是不熟悉最新技术发展的研究人员。本综述涉及以下技术:截肢肢体的扫描、肢体到套筒的校正、假肢套筒的增材制造以及量化患者对佩戴套筒的反应。本综述不涉及机电假肢或生物力学设计实践。
数字技术将使负担得起的假肢能够以比当今临床实践更大的规模制造。需要克服巨大的技术差距,才能实现假肢的数字化大规模生产和分销。然而,计算方法和 CAD/CAM 技术的最新进展正在以前所未有的速度弥合这一差距。我们预计,这些技术将在不久的将来在全球范围内为截肢者恢复移动能力和经济机会。