波兰三个地区出现幼年盾板革蜱：征服的最终证据。
Occurrence of juvenile Dermacentor reticulatus ticks in three regions in Poland: the final evidence of the conquest.
机构信息
Department of Eco-Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2021 Oct 14;14(1):536. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-05039-z.
BACKGROUND
Two populations of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks (Western and Eastern) in Poland are among the most dynamic tick populations in Central Europe. Expansion and settlement of ticks in new localizations depend on the presence of suitable hosts, for both adult and juvenile ticks.
METHODS
The current study was planned to complement our previous studies on questing adult ticks and was focused on a collection of juvenile D. reticulatus ticks from rodents from three regions in Poland, defined by the presence/absence of adult ticks (regions of the Western and Eastern tick population and the gap area between them) to confirm the existence of stable populations. Rodent trapping was conducted in open habitats (fallow lands, wasteland and submerged meadows) in 2016-2018 in June, July and/or August to encompass seasonal peaks of larvae and nymph activity.
RESULTS
Altogether, three tick species were collected, 2866 D. reticulatus, 2141 Ixodes ricinus and 427 Haemaphysalis concinna. Dermacentor reticulatus was the most common (72.3%) and abundant (mean 17.94 ± 2.62 ticks/rodent) tick species on rodents from the Eastern region; in the Western region infestation of rodents was only 6.8%. Ixodes ricinus was found in all three regions and was the only tick species collected from rodents from the gap area. Haemaphysalis concinna was noted only in the Western region. The highest infestation of juvenile D. reticulatus was recorded on voles (Myodes and Microtus spp.), infestation of I. ricinus was the highest on Apodemus mice, and the majority of H. concinna ticks were collected from root voles Alexandromys oeconomus.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study confirmed a stable population of D. reticulatus in Eastern and Central Poland and a lower prevalence and mean abundance of this tick species among rodents from the Western region. A lack of juvenile D. reticulatus on rodents in Niewiadów confirmed the existence of the gap area, free of D. reticulatus ticks.
背景
波兰的两种（西部和东部）硬蜱种群（Dermacentor reticulatus）是中欧最活跃的蜱种群之一。蜱在新地点的扩张和定居取决于成年和幼年蜱的合适宿主的存在。
方法
本研究旨在补充我们之前对成年刺螨的研究，并集中于收集来自波兰三个地区的幼年硬蜱（定义为是否存在成年蜱（西部和东部硬蜱种群的地区以及它们之间的空白地区）），以确认稳定的种群的存在。2016-2018 年，在 6、7 月和/或 8 月，在开阔栖息地（休耕地、荒地和淹没草地）中进行了啮齿动物诱捕，以包含幼虫和若虫活动的季节性高峰。
结果
总共收集了三种蜱类，2866 只硬蜱、2141 只伊蚊和 427 只血红扇头蜱。在来自东部地区的啮齿动物中，硬蜱（72.3%）是最常见的（72.3%）和丰富的（平均每只啮齿动物 17.94±2.62 只）蜱类；在西部地区，啮齿动物的感染率仅为 6.8%。伊蚊在所有三个地区都有发现，是唯一从空白地区啮齿动物身上采集到的蜱类。血红扇头蜱仅在西部地区有发现。在田鼠（Myodes 和 Microtus spp.）上记录到幼年硬蜱的最高感染率，在根田鼠（Alexandromys oeconomus）上记录到伊蚊的最高感染率，而大多数血红扇头蜱是从草原田鼠（Microtus arvalis）身上采集的。
结论
我们的研究证实了波兰东部和中部地区硬蜱的稳定种群，以及西部地区啮齿动物中该蜱种的流行率和平均丰度较低。在尼瓦多夫没有幼年硬蜱感染啮齿动物证实了存在没有硬蜱的空白地区。
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