Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2022 Jan;72(1):85-97. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2021.1994483. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
Sampling and analysis of filterable particulate matter (FPM), FPM, condensable particulate matter (CPM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), sulfur oxides (SO), and nitrogen oxides (NO) emitted from a coal-fired boiler equipped with selective catalytic reduction (SCR)+ electrostatic precipitator (ESP) + wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) + wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP) as air pollution control devices (APCDs) are conducted. The results show that NO concentration emitted from the coal-fired boiler is 56 ± 2.17 ppm (with the NO removal efficiency of 47.2%), which does not meet the best available control technology (BACT) emission standard (≤ 30 ppm). On the other hand, the WFGD adopted has a good removal efficiency for SO and HCl. Both SO and HCl emission concentrations are < 1 ppm, and removal efficiencies are > 99%. The FPM and FPM emitted from the coal-fired boiler are 0.9 ± 0.06 mg/Nm and < 0.09 ± 0.006 mg/Nm, respectively. The overall removal efficiency of FPM achieved with ESP+WFGD+WESP+MGGH is 99.98%. However, high concentration of CPM (37.4 ± 6.3 mg/Nm) is measured, which is significantly higher than FPM and FPM. The concentrations of 27 PAHs at the WESP inlet and stack are measured as 667 ng/Nm and 547 ng/Nm, respectively while the removal efficiencies of gas- and solid-phase PAHs are 9% and 58%, respectively. The results show that APCDs adopted are not effective in removing PAHs (only 18%), and gas-phase PAHs contribute the most in the total PAH emission. In addition, the benzo(a)pyrene equivalent (BaP) concentration emitted from the stack is 28.8 ng-BaP/Nm, and most of it is contributed by 4-6 ring PAHs with high toxic equivalent factors (TEFs). Furthermore, the emission factors of air pollutant emitted from coal-fired boilers equipped with different combinations of APCDs are compiled and compared. The results show that except for CPM and NO, the emission factors of air pollutant calculated for this coal-fired boiler are lower if compared with other studies.: Primary particles discharged from coal-fired processes include filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM). PM emissions would be greatly underestimated if CPM is ignored. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) formed by two or more fused benzene rings. PAHs have attracted much public attention because of toxicity and carcinogenicity. This study selects one coal-fired boiler with the best available control technology (BACT) to simultaneously measure the concentrations of PM, PAHs, and gaseous pollutants at the inlet and outlet of air pollution control devices (APCDs) to understand the efficacy of APCDs adopted and pollutant emission intensity.
对配备选择性催化还原（SCR）+静电除尘器（ESP）+湿法烟气脱硫（WFGD）+湿静电除尘器（WESP）等空气污染控制设备（APCDs）的燃煤锅炉排放的可过滤颗粒物（FPM）、FPM、可凝结颗粒物（CPM）、多环芳烃（PAHs）、硫氧化物（SO）和氮氧化物（NO）进行采样和分析。结果表明，燃煤锅炉排放的 NO 浓度为 56±2.17ppm（NO 去除效率为 47.2%），未达到最佳可行控制技术（BACT）排放标准（≤30ppm）。另一方面，采用的 WFGD 对 SO 和 HCl 具有良好的去除效率。SO 和 HCl 的排放浓度均<1ppm，去除效率均>99%。燃煤锅炉排放的 FPM 和 FPM 分别为 0.9±0.06mg/Nm 和<0.09±0.006mg/Nm，ESP+WFGD+WESP+MGGH 的整体 FPM 去除效率为 99.98%。然而，测量到 CPM 的浓度很高（37.4±6.3mg/Nm），明显高于 FPM 和 FPM。在 WESP 入口和烟囱处测量到 27 种 PAHs 的浓度分别为 667ng/Nm 和 547ng/Nm，气相和固相 PAHs 的去除效率分别为 9%和 58%。结果表明，APCDs 对去除 PAHs（仅 18%）效果不佳，气相 PAHs 对总 PAH 排放的贡献最大。此外，烟囱排放的苯并（a）芘等效浓度（BaP）为 28.8ng-BaP/Nm，其中大部分来自具有高毒性等效因子（TEF）的 4-6 环 PAHs。此外，还编制和比较了配备不同 APCDs 的燃煤锅炉排放的空气污染物排放因子。结果表明，除 CPM 和 NO 外，与其他研究相比，计算出该燃煤锅炉的空气污染物排放因子较低。：燃煤过程排放的初级颗粒物包括可过滤颗粒物（FPM）和可凝结颗粒物（CPM）。如果忽略 CPM，PM 排放将大大低估。多环芳烃（PAHs）是由两个或更多个稠合苯环形成的半挥发性有机化合物（SVOCs）。由于毒性和致癌性，PAHs 引起了公众的广泛关注。本研究选择了一台具有最佳可行控制技术（BACT）的燃煤锅炉，同时测量空气污染控制设备（APCDs）进出口处的 PM、PAHs 和气态污染物的浓度，以了解采用的 APCDs 的效果和污染物排放强度。
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