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雄性婚外交配礼物与雌性再次交配的进化:一个数量遗传模型。

Evolution of male nuptial gift and female remating: A quantitative genetic model.

作者信息

Iwasa Yoh, Yamaguchi Sachi

机构信息

Department of Biology, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; Institute of Freshwater Biology, Nagano University, 1088 Komaki, Ueda, Nagano 386-0031, Japan.

Division of Mathematical Sciences, Tokyo Woman's Christian University, 2-6-1 Zempukuji, Suginami-ku, Tokyo 167-8585, Japan.

出版信息

J Theor Biol. 2022 Jan 21;533:110939. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110939. Epub 2021 Oct 21.

Abstract

In some species of separate sexes, males present a nuptial gift containing nutrition to their mate. Producing a large nuptial gift is a considerable cost to the male, but it may improve his siring success if the female reduces the likelihood to accept another male after receiving a large gift. The female may receive a direct benefit by accepting another male who provides an additional nuptial gift. Additionally, the female may receive an indirect fitness benefit via laying offspring sired by a male who is able to produce a large nuptial gift. We formalized the multivariate quantitative genetics model describing the coevolution of the size of nuptial gift produced by the male (x) and the female's propensity to engage in remating (y). We analyzed the model focusing two cases: [1] remating females receive no indirect fitness benefit, but enjoy direct benefit of nutrition; and [2] remating females receive no direct benefit, but enjoy an indirect fitness benefit due to a positive genetic correlation of x and y, which is possible if random mutations tend to make males produce small nuptial gifts. In both cases, the stable evolutionary equilibrium with neither nuptial gift nor remating (x-=y-=0) always exists. Another stable equilibrium may exist in which male produces nuptial gifts (x->0) and female engage in multiple mating (y->0). We discussed implications to the sexual conflict.

摘要

在一些雌雄异体的物种中,雄性会向配偶赠送含有营养物质的求偶礼物。制作一份大型求偶礼物对雄性来说成本颇高,但如果雌性在收到大礼后降低接受其他雄性的可能性,这可能会提高他的授精成功率。雌性接受提供额外求偶礼物的其他雄性可能会获得直接益处。此外,雌性通过产下由能够制作大型求偶礼物的雄性所授精的后代,可能会获得间接的适应性益处。我们构建了一个多变量数量遗传学模型,来描述雄性制作的求偶礼物大小(x)与雌性再次交配倾向(y)的协同进化。我们针对两种情况分析了该模型:[1]再次交配的雌性没有获得间接适应性益处,但享受营养的直接益处;[2]再次交配的雌性没有获得直接益处,但由于x和y之间存在正遗传相关性而享受间接适应性益处,如果随机突变倾向于使雄性制作小型求偶礼物,这种情况是可能的。在这两种情况下,既没有求偶礼物也没有再次交配(x-=y-=0)的稳定进化平衡总是存在的。可能还存在另一种稳定平衡,即雄性制作求偶礼物(x->0)且雌性进行多次交配(y->0)。我们讨论了这对性冲突的影响。

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