Civil & Environmental Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 500 Bartholomew Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Chemistry, Rutgers Camden, 315 Penn St., Camden, NJ 08102, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Feb 25;809:151104. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151104. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
Microplastics (MP) are a commonly reported pollutant in the freshwater, marine, and soil environment. Few studies to date have reported MP concentrations and polymer types observed in stormwater, particularly not for catchments with separate storm sewers. The objectives of this study were to determine the microplastic concentration, polymer fingerprints, and the inter-storm variation of MP in two stormwater outfalls and a bioretention basin. Composite stormwater samples were collected at each site across three rain events each in catchments with urban and suburban land use. Particles 250 to 2000 μm were collected, separated into two sizes classes, treated with a wet peroxide oxidation, density separated with NaCl, and buoyant particles (fragments, films, and spheres) were collected for analysis with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Significant differences were observed in the total polymer concentrations and profiles between the sampling sites, potentially due to differences in land use within the catchments sampled, but not between size classes. The highest MP concentrations were observed in samples from the bioretention basin compared to the stormwater outfalls sampled, indicating the potential for green infrastructure to capture MP in the size range studied here. A weak but significant negative correlation was observed between cumulative rainfall (1.5 to 4.5 cm) and MP concentrations but no correlation was observed between antecedent dry days and MP concentrations. These data represent a conservative measure of MP concentrations given that fibers, particles <250 μm, and non-buoyant particles (i.e., density > 1.2 g/mL) were not targeted, but all targeted particles were analyzed with ATR-FTIR. Overall, these results presented provide insight into the loading and character (size, morphology, polymer type) of buoyant MP particles in stormwater that may be useful in designing mitigation strategies.
微塑料（MP）是淡水、海洋和土壤环境中常见的污染物。迄今为止，很少有研究报告过雨水（尤其是具有单独雨水下水道的集水区）中观察到的 MP 浓度和聚合物类型。本研究的目的是确定两个雨水出水口和一个生物滞留盆地中微塑料的浓度、聚合物指纹和风暴间变化。在具有城市和郊区土地利用的集水区中，每个地点在三个降雨事件中收集了复合雨水样本。收集了 250 至 2000 μm 的颗粒，将其分为两个大小类，用湿过氧化物氧化处理，用 NaCl 密度分离，并用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）收集浮质颗粒（碎片、薄膜和球体）进行分析。采样地点之间观察到总聚合物浓度和分布存在显著差异，这可能是由于采样集水区内的土地利用差异造成的，但与大小类别无关。与雨水出水口相比，生物滞留盆地的样品中观察到的 MP 浓度最高，表明绿色基础设施在研究范围内的大小范围内捕获 MP 的潜力。观察到累积降雨量（1.5 至 4.5 cm）与 MP 浓度之间存在微弱但显著的负相关，但没有观察到前期干燥天数与 MP 浓度之间的相关性。这些数据代表了对 MP 浓度的保守估计，因为没有针对纤维、<250 μm 的颗粒和非浮质颗粒（即密度> 1.2 g/mL），但所有目标颗粒都用 ATR-FTIR 进行了分析。总体而言，这些结果提供了有关雨水浮质 MP 颗粒负荷和特性（大小、形态、聚合物类型）的见解，这可能有助于设计缓解策略。
Zotero 插件