埃塞俄比亚东北部莱盖希达地区青少年学生发育迟缓的程度及相关因素

Magnitude of Stunting and Associated Factors among Adolescent Students in Legehida District, Northeast Ethiopia.

作者信息

Ashebir Kebede Wassachew, Yimer Ayele Belete

机构信息

Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.

Department of Human Nutrition and Food Science, College of Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.

出版信息

J Nutr Metab. 2021 Oct 15;2021:2467883. doi: 10.1155/2021/2467883. eCollection 2021.

DOI:10.1155/2021/2467883

PMID:34691778

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8536425/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Undernutrition including stunting particularly at an adolescent stage was not emphasized by various intervention strategies in the Ethiopian context. Assessing the magnitude and potential risk factors of undernutrition is thus helpful for policymakers to design appropriate intervention strategies. Hence, this study was aimed at assessing the magnitude of stunting and associated factors among adolescent students in Legehida district, Northeast Ethiopia.

METHODS

A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 adolescent students from February 15 to March 15, 2018. A stratified sampling followed by a simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A pretested, structured, and self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the required data. Height was measured by using a portable stadiometer and the height-for-age (HFA) z-score was calculated as an indicator of stunting. SPSS version 25 and WHO AnthroPlus software were applied to analyze the data. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with adolescent stunting. Statistical significance was determined at a value of <0.05 and association was described by using an odds ratio at a 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS

A total of 406 adolescent students (with a response rate of 95.7%) participated in the study. The magnitude of stunting among adolescent students in this study was 24.9% (95% CI: 24.6%-35.3%).

CONCLUSIONS

Stunting among adolescent students was significantly associated with being male [AOR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.73-5.90], meal frequency (<3/day) [AOR = 4.6; 95% CI: 2.61-8.24], infrequent handwashing practice [AOR = 3.6; 95% CI: 1.30-9.40], absence of latrine facility (AOR = 5.51; 95% CI: 3.03-9.9), and consumption of unsafe water [AOR = 2.8; 95% CI: 1.35-6.19]. Hence, conducting routine nutrition screenings and assessments, promotion of proper food intake, and emphasis on nutrition education and counseling are needed to be strengthened.

摘要

背景

在埃塞俄比亚的背景下，包括发育迟缓在内的营养不良，尤其是在青少年阶段，并未被各种干预策略所重视。因此，评估营养不良的严重程度和潜在风险因素有助于政策制定者设计适当的干预策略。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东北部莱盖希达地区青少年学生发育迟缓的严重程度及相关因素。

方法

2018年2月15日至3月15日，对424名青少年学生进行了一项基于学校的横断面研究。采用分层抽样后再进行简单随机抽样技术来选择研究参与者。使用经过预测试、结构化且可自行填写的问卷来收集所需数据。使用便携式身高计测量身高，并计算年龄别身高（HFA）z评分作为发育迟缓的指标。应用SPSS 25版和WHO AnthroPlus软件对数据进行分析。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以确定与青少年发育迟缓相关的因素。以<0.05的值确定统计学显著性，并使用95%置信区间的比值比来描述关联性。

结果

共有406名青少年学生（应答率为95.7%）参与了本研究。本研究中青少年学生发育迟缓的严重程度为24.9%（95%置信区间：24.6%-35.3%）。

结论

青少年学生发育迟缓与男性[AOR = 2.1；95%置信区间：1.73 - 5.90]、进餐频率（<3次/天）[AOR = 4.6；95%置信区间：2.61 - 8.24]、不经常洗手习惯[AOR = 3.6；95%置信区间：1.30 - 9.40]、没有厕所设施（AOR = 5.51；95%置信区间：3.03 - 9.9）以及饮用不安全水[AOR = 2.8；95%置信区间：1.35 - 6.19]显著相关。因此，需要加强开展常规营养筛查和评估、促进适当的食物摄入，并重视营养教育和咨询。