男性被捕和非致命性自杀企图：国家药物使用与健康调查的调查数据分析。
Arrest and non-fatal suicide attempts among men: analysis of survey data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
机构信息
Departtment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Outpatient Mental Health Service, Seattle, WA, USA.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 29;21(1):537. doi: 10.1186/s12888-021-03544-0.
BACKGROUND
Studies have found an association between recent arrest and suicide attempts, but the population-level significance of this link has not been reported. We estimated the population attributable risk percent (PAR%) of self-reported non-fatal suicide attempts based on recent arrest in a national sample of adult men.
METHODS
This study included men aged ≥18 who completed the 2008-2019 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. The outcome measure was any non-fatal suicide attempts in the past year. The primary independent variable was any arrest in the past year. Major depression and substance use disorders were also included as independent variables for comparison. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression with postestimation marginal effects ascertained the PAR% of non-fatal suicide attempts for arrest, major depression, and substance use disorders, while controlling for sociodemographic covariates. All analyses applied survey weights. We disaggregated analyses by race/ethnicity.
RESULTS
In the sample of 220,261 men, arrest accounted for 8.9% (99% CI 5.1 to 12.6%, p < 0.001) of non-fatal suicide attempts, while major depression accounted for 40.3% (99% CI 35.0 to 45.1%. p < 0.001) and substance use disorders for 24.1% (99% CI 17.6 to 30.2%, p < 0.001). After disaggregating by race/ethnicity, arrest accounted for 9.5% (99% CI 4.5 to 14.3%, p < 0.001) of suicide attempts among Non-Hispanic White men and fell short of statistical significance for Non-Hispanic Black men (10.2, 99% CI - 3.0 to 21.6%, p = 0.043) and Hispanic men (8.1, 99% CI - 0.5 to 15.9%, p = 0.016).
CONCLUSIONS
Arrest accounted for nearly one in eleven non-fatal suicide attempts in a national sample of American men, which is by extension about 50,000 suicide attempts per year. Results were similar for Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, and Hispanic men, although there were differences in prevalence of arrest and suicide attempts. Unlike major depression, arrest is an easily identifiable event, and the period after arrest might provide an opportunity to support mental health and coping.
背景
研究发现最近被捕与自杀未遂之间存在关联，但尚未报道这种关联在人群中的重要性。我们根据全国成年男性样本中最近被捕的情况，估计了基于自我报告的非致命性自杀未遂的人群归因风险百分比 (PAR%)。
方法
本研究纳入了年龄≥18 岁的完成了 2008-2019 年全国药物使用和健康调查的男性。结果指标是过去一年中任何非致命性自杀未遂的情况。主要的独立变量是过去一年中的任何逮捕。重度抑郁症和物质使用障碍也被纳入独立变量进行比较。描述性统计和多元逻辑回归以及事后边际效应估计确定了逮捕、重度抑郁症和物质使用障碍导致非致命性自杀未遂的 PAR%，同时控制了社会人口学协变量。所有分析均应用了调查权重。我们根据种族/族裔对分析进行了细分。
结果
在 220,261 名男性样本中，逮捕占非致命性自杀未遂的 8.9%（99%CI 5.1 至 12.6%，p<0.001），而重度抑郁症占 40.3%（99%CI 35.0 至 45.1%，p<0.001），物质使用障碍占 24.1%（99%CI 17.6 至 30.2%，p<0.001）。根据种族/族裔进行细分后，在非西班牙裔白人男性中，逮捕占自杀未遂的 9.5%（99%CI 4.5 至 14.3%，p<0.001），而非西班牙裔黑人男性和西班牙裔男性的自杀未遂则未达到统计学意义（非西班牙裔黑人男性 10.2%，99%CI -3.0 至 21.6%，p=0.043；西班牙裔男性 8.1%，99%CI -0.5 至 15.9%，p=0.016）。
结论
逮捕占美国男性全国样本中非致命性自杀未遂的近十一分之一，即每年约有 50,000 次自杀未遂。非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人以及西班牙裔男性的结果相似，尽管逮捕和自杀未遂的流行率存在差异。与重度抑郁症不同，逮捕是一个容易识别的事件，逮捕后的时期可能提供支持心理健康和应对的机会。
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