经颅磁刺激揭示手势-言语语义整合中额下回与后颞中回的动态交互作用。
TMS Reveals Dynamic Interaction between Inferior Frontal Gyrus and Posterior Middle Temporal Gyrus in Gesture-Speech Semantic Integration.
机构信息
CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
出版信息
J Neurosci. 2021 Dec 15;41(50):10356-10364. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1355-21.2021. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
Semantic processing is an amodal process with modality-specific information integrated in supramodal "convergence zones" or "semantic hub" with executive mechanisms that tailor semantic representation in a task-appropriate way. One unsolved question is how frontal control region dynamically interacts with temporal representation region in semantic integration. The present study addressed this issue by using inhibitory double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) or left posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) in one of eight 40 ms time windows (TWs) (3 TWs before and 5 TWs after the identification point of speech), when human participants (12 females, 14 males) were presented with semantically congruent or incongruent gesture-speech pairs but merely identified the gender of speech. We found a TW-selective disruption of gesture-speech integration, indexed by the semantic congruency effect (i.e., a cost of reaction time because of semantic conflict), when stimulating the left pMTG in TW1, TW2, and TW7 but when stimulating the left IFG in TW3 and TW6. Based on the timing relationship, we hypothesize a two-stage gesture-speech integration circuit with a pMTG-to-IFG sequential involvement in the prelexical stage for activating gesture semantics and top-down constraining the phonological processing of speech. In the postlexical stage, an IFG-to-pMTG feedback signal might be implicated for the control of goal-directed representations and multimodal semantic unification. Our findings provide new insights into the dynamic brain network of multimodal semantic processing by causally revealing the temporal dynamics of frontal control and temporal representation regions. Previous research has identified differential functions of left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) in semantic control and semantic representation, respectively, and a causal contribution of both regions in gesture-speech integration. However, it remains largely unclear how the two regions dynamically interact in semantic processing. By using double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt regional activity at specific time, this study for the first time revealed critical time windows when the two areas were causally involved in integrating gesture and speech semantics. Findings suggest a pMTG-IFG-pMTG neurocircuit loop in gesture-speech integration, which deepens current knowledge and inspires future investigation of the temporal dynamics and cognitive processes of the amodal semantic network.
语义处理是一种无模态过程,其模态特定信息整合在超模态的“收敛区”或“语义中心”中,具有执行机制,可以以任务适当的方式调整语义表示。一个悬而未决的问题是,额前控制区域如何在语义整合中与时间表示区域动态交互。本研究通过在左额下回(IFG)或左后颞中回(pMTG)上使用抑制性双脉冲经颅磁刺激(TMS),在言语识别点之前的 40 毫秒时间窗(TW)中的 8 个 TW 之一(3 个 TW 和 5 个 TW),解决了这个问题,当人类参与者(12 名女性,14 名男性)被呈现语义一致或不一致的手势-语音对时,他们只需识别语音的性别。我们发现,当刺激左 pMTG 在 TW1、TW2 和 TW7 时,会出现 TW 选择性的手势-语音整合中断,其指标是语义一致性效应(即由于语义冲突而导致反应时间增加),但当刺激左 IFG 在 TW3 和 TW6 时则不会。基于时间关系,我们假设一个手势-语音整合的两阶段回路,pMTG 到 IFG 的顺序参与在前词汇阶段激活手势语义,并自上而下约束语音的语音处理。在词汇后阶段,可能涉及 IFG 到 pMTG 的反馈信号,用于控制目标导向的表示和多模态语义统一。我们的发现通过因果揭示额前控制和时间表示区域的时间动态,为多模态语义处理的动态脑网络提供了新的见解。以前的研究分别确定了左额下回(IFG)和后颞中回(pMTG)在语义控制和语义表示中的差异功能,以及这两个区域在手势-语音整合中的因果贡献。然而,两个区域如何在语义处理中动态交互仍不清楚。通过使用双脉冲 TMS 来破坏特定时间的区域活动,本研究首次揭示了两个区域在整合手势和语音语义时因果参与的关键时间窗口。研究结果表明,在手势-语音整合中存在 pMTG-IFG-pMTG 神经回路循环,这加深了当前对无模态语义网络的时间动态和认知过程的认识,并为进一步研究提供了启示。
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