Bustamante Alcibíades, Santos Carla, Pereira Sara, Freitas Duarte, Katzmarzyk Peter T, Maia José
School of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Education Enrique Guzmán y Valle, Lima, Peru.
CIFI2D, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Am J Hum Biol. 2022 May;34(5):e23704. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23704. Epub 2021 Nov 19.
This study aims to (1) investigate differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) among Peruvian children and adolescents living in three areas located at different altitudes; (2) compare age- and sex-specific height, weight, and BMI within each site with US reference data.
We sampled 8753 subjects (4130 boys), aged 4 to 17 years from sea level, rainforest, and high-altitude. Height, weight, and WC were measured and BMI was calculated. Analysis of variance was used to compare variables across geographic regions, and the Hoff and Blackburn procedure was used to compare the Peruvian results with US reference data.
Participants living at sea level were taller, heavier, had greater BMI and WC relative to those living at high-altitude and in the rainforest. Peruvian schoolchildren of both sexes from the three geographical areas were shorter and lighter than their American peers. Boys and girls living in the rainforest and at high-altitude had lower BMI, whereas WC values of American schoolchildren are higher than those of the Peruvian children by age and gender.
Peruvians living at different altitudes differ in their growth indicators (height, weight, BMI, and WC), with significant differences between those living at sea level relative to their peers from other regions. Further, Peruvian schoolchildren of both sexes from the three geographical areas significantly differ from their US counterparts.
本研究旨在（1）调查生活在三个不同海拔地区的秘鲁儿童和青少年在体重、体重指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）方面的差异；（2）将每个地点按年龄和性别划分的身高、体重和BMI与美国参考数据进行比较。
我们从海平面、雨林和高海拔地区抽取了8753名4至17岁的受试者（4130名男孩）。测量身高、体重和腰围，并计算BMI。采用方差分析比较不同地理区域的变量，并采用霍夫和布莱克本方法将秘鲁的结果与美国参考数据进行比较。
相对于生活在高海拔地区和雨林地区的人，生活在海平面的参与者更高、更重，BMI和腰围更大。来自这三个地理区域的秘鲁男女学童比他们的美国同龄人更矮、更轻。生活在雨林和高海拔地区的男孩和女孩BMI较低，而美国学童的腰围值按年龄和性别均高于秘鲁儿童。
生活在不同海拔地区的秘鲁人在生长指标（身高、体重、BMI和腰围）方面存在差异，生活在海平面的人与其他地区的同龄人之间存在显著差异。此外，来自这三个地理区域的秘鲁男女学童与美国同龄人有显著差异。
