CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia; School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia; School of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley,WA 6009, Australia.
Water Res. 2022 Jan 1;208:117853. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117853. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
Natural source zone depletion (NSZD) of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) may be a valid long-term management option at petroleum impacted sites. However, its future long-term reliability needs to be established. NSZD includes partitioning, biotic and abiotic degradation of LNAPL components plus multiphase fluid dynamics in the subsurface. Over time, LNAPL components are depleted and those partitioning to various phases change, as do those available for biodegradation. To accommodate these processes and predict trends and NSZD over decades to centuries, for the first time, we incorporated a multi-phase multi-component multi-microbe non-isothermal approach to representatively simulate NSZD at field scale. To validate the approach we successfully mimic data from the LNAPL release at the Bemidji site. We simulate the entire depth of saturated and unsaturated zones over the 27 years of post-release measurements. The study progresses the idea of creating a generic digital twin of NSZD processes and future trends. Outcomes show the feasibility and affordability of such detailed computational approaches to improve decision-making for site management and restoration strategies. The study provided a basis to progress a computational digital twin for complex subsurface systems.
自然源区耗尽（NSZD）轻非水相液体（LNAPLs）可能是受石油影响场地的一种有效的长期管理选择。然而，其未来的长期可靠性需要建立。NSZD 包括 LNAPL 成分的分配、生物和非生物降解以及地下多相流体动力学。随着时间的推移，LNAPL 成分会耗尽，分配到各个相的成分会发生变化，可用于生物降解的成分也会发生变化。为了适应这些过程并预测几十年到几个世纪的趋势和 NSZD，我们首次采用多相多组分多微生物非等温方法来代表场地尺度的 NSZD 进行模拟。为了验证该方法，我们成功模拟了 Bemidji 场地 LNAPL 释放的数据。我们模拟了释放后 27 年饱和和非饱和带的整个深度。该研究推进了创建 NSZD 过程和未来趋势通用数字孪生体的想法。研究结果表明，采用这种详细的计算方法来改进场地管理和恢复策略的决策是可行和负担得起的。该研究为复杂地下系统的计算数字孪生体的发展提供了基础。
