Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, No.130 Changjiangxilu, Hefei 230036, China; Research & Development Center of Biorational Pesticide, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, No.130 Changjiangxilu, Hefei 230036, China.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2021 Nov;179:104947. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104947. Epub 2021 Aug 8.
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a promising alternative to chemical fumigants, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to play a crucial role in its lethal mechanisms; however, the specific lethal mechanisms of AITC remain unknown. Four mitochondrial electron transport chain genes, nd5, nd6, cox1, and cox5, were selected from adult Sitophilus zeamais and processed with RNA interference experiments. Then, the biochemical and biophysical effects were compared between double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated insects and wild-type insects after AITC fumigation at the concentration of LC values. The bioactivity of AITC against dsnd6-mediated insects increased, while the bioactivity against dcox1-mediated insects decreased. Compared with the wild-type insects, the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by AITC in mitochondria from dsnd6-mediated insects increased by 18.95%, while that of dscox1-mediated insects decreased by 27.45%. The effects of AITC on mRNA expression levels of detoxifying enzymes including CAT (down-regulation effect) and CuZnSOD (overexpression effect) partly recovered in the dsnd5-mediated insects, while a greater effect was observed for dscox1-mediated insects. Molecular docking results indicated that ASN511 at the cox1 subunit was the binding site of AITC by one hydrogen bond, with a bond distance of 2.1 Å. These findings provide insight for further applications of AITC and could provide a novel strategy to investigate lethal mechanisms of insecticides.
丙烯基异硫氰酸酯（AITC）是一种有前途的化学熏蒸剂替代品，线粒体功能障碍被认为在其致死机制中起着至关重要的作用；然而，AITC 的具体致死机制仍不清楚。从成年玉米象中选择了四个线粒体电子传递链基因，nd5、nd6、cox1 和 cox5，并进行了 RNA 干扰实验。然后，在 LC 值浓度下用 AITC 熏蒸后，比较了双链 RNA（dsRNA）介导的昆虫和野生型昆虫之间的生化和生物物理效应。dsnd6 介导的昆虫对 AITC 的生物活性增加，而 dscox1 介导的昆虫对 AITC 的生物活性降低。与野生型昆虫相比，dsnd6 介导的昆虫线粒体中 AITC 引起的活性氧（ROS）水平增加了 18.95%，而 dscox1 介导的昆虫则降低了 27.45%。dsnd5 介导的昆虫中，AITC 对解毒酶（CAT 的下调作用和 CuZnSOD 的过表达作用）mRNA 表达水平的影响部分恢复，而 dscox1 介导的昆虫的影响更大。分子对接结果表明，cox1 亚基上的 ASN511 是 AITC 的结合位点，通过一个氢键结合，键距离为 2.1Å。这些发现为进一步应用 AITC 提供了深入的了解，并为研究杀虫剂的致死机制提供了一种新策略。
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